International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 22

Blogs for innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Web journals for development - Essay Example During their appearance, Orchha was bit by bit rising as a vacation destination. Because of neediness and absence of information in the district, it forestalled the development of the travel industry (Sisodia, 2013). Subsequently, Asha concocted a Village Home Stay program planned for Orchha town. The point of the program was to abuse the travel industry openings in the district so as to upgrade nearby financial turn of events, instruction, social trades among local people and guests just as natural security. It had additionally to offer the individuals of Orchha with predominant work openings, which would emphatically impact the individual existence of the inhabitants. In 2007, Asha established Friends of Orchha with the guide of a couple of companions from Europe to improve the travel industry that is socially dependable and one that would offer an open door for social trades and a wellspring of salary for the poor families (Sisodia, 2013). Companions of Orchha gave assistance to the poor families to construct and redesign their yards that would be recruited to guests. The families were locked in to partake deliberately in the development of three homestays. At that specific second, the families couldn't carry on their fundamental action, which was cultivating that was brought to an end by dry spell from 2003 to 2007 (Sisodia, 2013). Accordingly, they had no cash-flow to contribute, and the association needed to set up a spinning reserve, which assisted with building the initial three home remains. Taking an interest families gave work in building the sterile square and rooms. In 2009, the primary room was leased and from that point forward the home stay has facilitated in excess of 500 guests from various nations. The misusing of the travel industry openings improved the financial states of the inhabitants just as their live style (Sisodia, 2013). With this respect, I concur with the case as it endeavors to call attention to issues in working profitable work among a huge country populace in India. It delivers that the powerlessness to discourse in spoken

Manny Pacquiao free essay sample

With a superior comprehension of Pacquiao, many would have the option to get a handle on and recognize how a fighter/contender can be an adoring pioneer too. Pacquiao’s Personal Background Emmanuel Dapidran Pacquiao, otherwise called Manny Pacquiao, was conceived on December 17, 1978 in Kibawe, Bukidnon, Philippines to Rosalio and Dionesia Pacquiao. He is the fourth among six kin wherein his mom needed to raise without anyone else beginning from the time Pacquiao was in 6th grade because of marriage partition (Chua-Eoan standard. 4). This influenced Pacquiao such that drove him away from home at 14 years old and drop out of secondary school because of destitution and his mom not bringing in enough cash to help the family (Chua-Eoan standard. 8). He moved to Manila and lived, at once, in the city (Chua-Eoan standard. 8). He began boxing and soon enough made the Philippine national novice boxing crew. He was only sixteen years old when he started his expert boxing profession (Chua-Eoan standard. We will compose a custom article test on Manny Pacquiao or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page 11). From that point forward, Pacquiao would rank up in various weight divisions and soon enough got amazing known. Despite the fact that he’s as yet proceeding to positively influence his boxing calling, he’s assuming a functioning job in legislative issues also. He is the main dynamic fighter to turn into a congressman in the Philippines (Chua-Eoan standard. 3). He is right now wedded to Maria Jamora with whom he has four youngsters and is dwelling in Kiamba, Sarangani, the old neighborhood of his significant other (Chua-Eoan standard. 5). Pacquiao is among those people whose youth/family life influenced their instruction when growing up. Pacquiao appeared to be nearly committed to drop out of secondary school because of the effect of neediness and living inside a family that contained numerous youngsters with just one parent supporting. Times were harsh, anyway in February of 2007, Pacquiao breezed through a secondary school equivalency test making him qualified for school instruction and was compensated with a secondary school recognition by the Department of Education (Chua-Eoan standard. 9). He proceeded to get a professional education in business the executives at Notre Dame of Dadiangas University (NDDU) in his old neighborhood in General Santos City (Esplanada standard. ). In anticipation of his profession as an official in the House of Representatives, Pacquiao joined up with the Development Academy of the Philippines Graduate School of Public and Development Management (Chua-Eoan standard. 10). Notwithstanding his age, Pacquiao was resolved to return and complete his secondary school training setting up to be a superb good example for kids, youth and grown-ups that vibe like it is past the point where it is possible to complete school. As the colloquialism goes, it’s in every case preferable late over never. Political Influences and Development In view of no uncertainty, one can expect that Manny Pacquiao has a rundown of names of the individuals who have enlivened him in his calling in boxing, yet anyway it is very charming to realize who has impacted him strategically. A significant figure who assumed a powerful job on Pacquiao was previous Filipino Senator and Governor of Tarlac, Philippines, Benigno â€Å"Ninoy† Aquino (James 180). Aquino himself was a functioning government official and left an enduring impact on the Philippines during the hour of previous President Marcos’ system. Despite the fact that Aquino had diverse political objectives as a main priority contrasted with those of Pacquiao’s, what Pacquiao discovered appreciating of him was his genuineness and truthfulness (James 182). Aquino was a solid, decided person who was willing to jepordize his seat in office and even his own life to go to bat for his nation. In any case, the one significant impact and reason that drove Pacquiao to get include with the legislature and governmental issues, would need to be the individuals of his nation, explicitly those living in destitution in the places where he grew up (Collins standard. ). In the event that it weren’t for his own youth experience, Pacquiao wouldn’t have the desire to offer back to the network. Since that isn't the situation, Pacquiao keeps on aiding those in want need without reconsidering. Inside a similar time in the wake of getting his secondary school recognition and advanced education, Pacquiao reported that he would be running for a seat in the House of Representatives in the May 2007 authoritative political decision as an applicant of the Liberal Party, intending to speak to the first District of South Cotabato (James 174). Tragically, he was vanquished in this political decision by Representative Darlene Antonino-Custodio. In the next year in September 2008, Pacquiao turned into an individual from Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino (KAMPI), a genius organization ideological group (James 174). The following year on November 21, 2009, Pacquiao affirmed that he would run again for the congressional seat, however this time for Sarangani territory, the old neighborhood of his better half (Balana standard. 1). Inside a year, on May 13, 2010, he was authoritatively announced congressman of the solitary region of Sarangani trouncing his opponent by almost 60,000 votes (James 178).

In Nazi Occupied Eastern Europe, the Jewish Reaction to the Final Solution Varied :: Papers

In Nazi Occupied Eastern Europe, the Jewish Reaction to the Final Solution Varied The basic conviction of the response of the Jews to the last arrangement is that they don't did anything. Many accepted that they went like 'sheep to the butcher'. Anyway as of late has proof become known through records covered up, discovered at that point deciphered from Russian, Polish and other dialects. Additionally as of late survivors are approaching and recalling their encounters. Presently it is along these lines becoming visible that many opposed from numerous points of view. The Jews opposed in different manners, one of which was uninvolved obstruction. One types of detached obstruction was endurance. Endurance was a type of obstruction since it conflicted with the Nazis point, which was to kill the Jews. Instances of the exertion of endurance were seen in ghettos where food carrying tasks were completed and furthermore different exercises, which upheld the will to live and attempt to include some 'typicality' to life. Likewise another case of the will to safeguard life was simply the Jewish Help affiliation, which sorted out road assortments and soup kitchens. The explanation behind the will to endure is that they accepted that they would have been resettled in the East as opposed to sent to their demise. Notwithstanding if the Jews realized that they would have been executed many would have lost the will to live, yet some it would of given them more assurance to oppose the Nazis by power, which got obvious around 1942. Anyway the aloof opposition and resistance through endurance raised spirit, due to the actuality that they were scorning and challenging the third Reich, which was probably the most grounded armed force the world has ever observed. Instances of enduring were additionally found in the real concentration camps where class and activity were utilized to keep away from the gas chambers in which Samuel Pisar who was a detainee an Auschwitz was in the line for entering the gas chambers so, all in all he saw a bucket of water and a brush, he at that point got them and begun scouring the floor, until he got out the entryway he at that point

The Mad Girls Coming to Terms with Sylvia Plath

The Mad Girls Coming to Terms with Sylvia Plath Writing about Sylvia Plathâ€"as a girl who wants to be a writer, who struggles with mental illness, who sees big things for herselfâ€"isn’t so unique. It’s trite, done to death, a cliché.   But I will write about it anyway, just like I will continue reading Sylvia Plath even though men will judge me for reading silly sad books, and I will get an “I am” tattoo, even though my friends think it’s a corny cliché. I’m 26, not so far removed from childhood. But looking back now, I can see things that I never knew were there.   I can see I was a depressive and anxious childâ€"full of mood swings and panic attacks and irrational fears of toilets flushing and drowning in the pool and of any sound during the night. Of what could happen to my parents when I couldn’t hear them talking. Of the faces in the wood paneling. This general state of fear led to something more in adolescence: social anxiety and general anxiety and depression and PTSD. I, like many girls in 8th and 9th grade, struggled with my sexuality and with suicidal thoughts and with my history of abuse, all while I was still adjusting to having grown boobs. My family, in the grand scheme of things, was very supportive of mental health and mental health treatment; I was far from the only one suffering from these issues in my family. But I was terrified of therapists: I was afraid they would tell me I was irreparably broken, that my sexuality was wrong, that I was actually going to kill myself, that I could never succeed. This was only bolstered by my experience with family therapy, in a shitty office in downtown Baltimore that overwhelmingly smelled like pee. I couldn’t do it. I wouldn’t do it. So I tried to self soothe and to repress, primarily by avoiding my problems or anything unsettling. I refused to read books with a “sad” ending, lest they convince me I might be depressed. I refused to read anything remotely sexual, as I wanted to avoid the issue for as long as possible. I buried myself in school work and Gilmore Girls and Live Journal and Harry Potter cosplay. I avoided making friends with anyone outside my family and dreamed, and planned, and schemed to get out of my small town. As I went through high school, I got better. Or maybe not better, but better at dealing with my problems. I knew what would set me off and what wouldn’t. I knew friends were helpful and I actually made some. I knew when I needed to leave a situation and what to do when I was panicking. But I still wouldn’t read or talk about my depression, and I got so good at hiding it that my family no longer knew it was there. I kept it that way. To me, it seemed, like I was the only one with this problemâ€"with anxiety and depression that seemed to form my brain, rather than temporality inhabit it. It was me and this scared me. I was convinced that a therapist couldn’t fix it. During college, I thought it was over, that my time with anxiety and depression, my lifelong companions, was over. As I entered unhealthy relationships and developed an unhealthy relationship with alcohol and connected my entire self worth to my grade point average, I thought I was better. I didn’t realize that my bad relationships and obsession with grades were results of my low self-worth. I didn’t know that alcohol was my coping mechanism, as it had been for many of my family members before me. But I wasn’t so scared of killing myself anymore, and my sexuality was no longer a point of anxiety. I could read sad books and talk about my feelings. I had great friends, best friends, some of whom I haven’t talked to since freshman year and others who will one day be in my wedding. I told them about my fears and my sadness, and my childhood. But I still didn’t think there were many people like me. People whose brain seemed to have a mind of its own, operating   separately from one’s consciousness. It wasn’t until my 2nd   year of graduate school in South Carolina that I read The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath. I had long ago dispensed with the idea that sad books are bad, but the cultural connotations of Plath kept me away. A friend told me that reading Plath was a cry for help, a sign of major depression. In my favorite show, Gilmore Girls, Plath had become a kind of signpost for the crazy: Rory shouldn’t write her essay about her, Rory shouldn’t talk about her. It hadn’t yet occurred to me that Plath was far from the only novelist who had committed suicide: that alongside Plath there was Virginia Woolf and Anne Sexton, Jack London and Ernest Hemingway, David Foster Wallace and Hunter Thompson. And even though the deaths of these authors were often discussed, their names hadn’t become a cultural stand-in for suicidal tendencies. Certainly because of her gender and her age and the rumors spread by Ted Hughes and the subject of The Bell Jar, Plath had been defined by her de ath. But in the midst of a depressive episode, brought on my romantic travails and thesis deadlines and the prospect of leaving a place, where I had once again found great friends, I wandered into the Barnes and Noble on campus. I would sometimes pop in and buy a few books, even if the selection was scarce. I needed a pick-me-up, so I purchased The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath and The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison. I had clearly let go of my sad book ban. The next day was Saturday, and even though I should have been working on my thesis or reading books for school, I laid in my bed until noon reading Sylvia. I loved Esther. I loved her ambition and her love of writing and her admission of her issues. I also loved the way her despair and her anxiety had a mind of their own. I even loved the description of the mental hospital. By this point, I was in therapy. I had never been in a mental hospital myself, but I had visited enough family and friends there to know it wasn’t the place of Esther Greenwood. I realized my friends were wrong. Reading Plath was enjoyable, but more than that, it made me feel less alone: I wasn’t the only with crazy ambition and a brain with a mind of its own. I’ve since read Ariel and Johnny Panic and her journals, and have started Volume 1 of her letters (not the bikini cover, mind you). I still love Sylvia, even though I have long since started taking medication and am hovering farther from depression tha n I ever have. And maybe this is proof: Maybe reading Sylvia Plath is a cry for help, only meant for us mad girls. That’s ok, because there sure are a lot of us.

Explain The Up-Ward Unemployment Trend In The World Using A Theory - 825 Words

Explain The Up-Ward Unemployment Trend In The World Using A Theory (Term Paper Sample) Content: NameProfessorUnemploymentIntroductionThe Global unemployment rate was expected to rise from 5.7 to about 5.8 percent this year. This represents 3.4 million increases in the number of people that are jobless. Overall, the number of unemployed people in 2017 was expected to stand at 201 million globally(International Labor Office, 26).This has been the trend since the 2008 global recession, and that unemployment has been a significant challenge in most countries(Navarro,2012).As per the International Labour Report(ILO), there has been a significant rise in the rate of unemployment in most European countries and that economic crisis the US faced has had a big impact as far as unemployment is concerned. To solve the unemployment, the cause must be established. Therefore, what is the cause of unemployment in the Globe?There is considerable theoretical based debate regarding the causes, consequences as well as the possible solutions as far as unemployment problem is concern ed. Both the classical and the neoclassical economics see market mechanisms as reliable ways of solving the unemployment problem. They are against interventions such as unionization, wage laws and such like regulations because they believe that such efforts hinder hiring of people. Keynisians economics notes that unemployment is cyclical and recommends government engineered interventions such as financial stimuli, expansion of the monetary policies and funding of job creation by the government. But according to the Marxists, causes and solution to unemployment problem require the World to abolish Capitalism embrace either socialism or communism.How Marxist explains the cause and upward trend of unemployment in the GlobeAccording to Karl Marx explanations on economics, the capitalist investments can be grouped into two: one that hires workers and the other that rents/ buy the means of production such as raw materials and machines (Myers,223).Today, with continued growth in capitalism , there have emerged processes that have contributed to the reduction of that part that is responsible for hiring workers. One of the factors is competition. Competition results in a concentration whereby two large or small companies merge into one single large company. Such a company enjoys economies of scale. It means that large amounts of company's capital are only operated by just a few workers (Myers, 206).Given that to be the case, most workers will lose their jobs. Nowadays the incidences of companies merging are common and whenever it happens the guaranteed result is that there are always layoffs. Given that this is true, Karl Marxi explanation of capitalism as the cause of unemployment makes sense in today's World in that it results in the competition which causes companies to effect changes that see workers getting laid-off.Karl Marx, who is most often given credit for giving socialism struggle a scientific basis, also argued that capitalism needs unemployment in that "the workings of capitalist production for profit creates unemployment, even in the best of economic times"(Matthews, 543).His theory notes that capitalists are in constant competition amongst themselves with the aim of creating huge profits. So, great productivity driven by competition is another factor. To achieve this, each capitalist strives to lower the costs mainly striving to increase labor productivity. To a large extent, this is true. In the present times, the capitalist has come up with different strategies to ensure that they make even larger profits which will make them stay ahead in the competition that they are always in. One of the key strategies that help them to achieve their goals is by switching variable capital for fixed capital (replacing human labor with machines (Matthews, 493).There is growing desire to increase production and cut down the cost of production. To affect this, most companies/organization/institution replaces human labor with the machine in that the y help cut down production cost and at the same time increase productivity. That simply means they will make more profits. Therefore, the capitalist will have created a pool of jobless workers who they can hire when the economy is good and fire when there is crisis. Also, they will have the power to control wages. They can get cheap labor which goes a long way in maximizing profits. Capitalist has created and enjoyed such a situation.Other economic explanationThere are other explanations regarding causes of unemployment. These are structural, cyclical, technological and seasoned employment (OpenStax Economics, 160).Structural unemployment occurs due to the existence of a mismatch between what a job requires and the skills that people available posses. This is blamed on geographical and occupational labor mobility. Also,lack of investment into training and equipping the unemployed with relevant skills. Technological reasons also exist in that production-enhancing technology causes la yoffs and create une...

Multinational Companies and Their Social Responsibilities...

CHAPTER TWO 2.0 AN OVERVIEW OF SHELL DEVELOPMENT COMPANY IN NIGERIA 2.1 Introduction This chapter will provide basic knowledge of Shell Nigeria Oil Company and its operation in Nigeria, in particular regarding its ethics, performance, social involvement, contribution to national income and its contribution to keeping the environment green. Since the Rio Conference of 1992 the code of conduct for all extractive industries including crude oil mining companies has underlined the following principles that should be respected in doing business: i. Social and economic development of host communities ii. Provision of basic social services iii. Regard for Human Rights iv. Good governance and civil society involvement. There have also been some†¦show more content†¦They want the protection of the ecosystem and biodiversity of indigenous and local community territories; iv. They want the revenue sharing formula based on derivation revived at 50 percent to derivation, 35 percent to distributable common pool and 15 percent to the central government; v. They want Shell and the Nigerian government to adopt policies that will recognize indigenous communities as rightful owners in the crude oil business; vi. They want Shell to clean up their environment after many years of ecological devastation and comply with all international standards. Shell environmental legacy and community relations’ efforts deserve priority attention. What is however involved is the totality of the existence of the communities and their environment, their farmland, economic development, education health, water management, spirituality and cultural heritage – which are daily being threatened. 2.2 Introduction and Discussion of Theories and Models from the Literature In this section we would look at the Royal Dutch Shell Oil company operations worldwide and in particular the Nigeria operations from several different angles. We will look at how Shell Nigeria operations can impact upon the three stakeholders; The CEO of Shell, an investor and a local Shell employee. Then we would look at this wicked problem with the oil spill in the Niger delta. Shell is a global group of

journeyhod Journey into Hell in Joseph Conrads Heart...

The Journey into Hell in Heart of Darkness In Joseph Conrads novel, Heart of Darkness the environment is often symbolic as well as literal. The novel contains both the frame narrator, an anonymous member of the Nellie, representing the dominant society, and more importantly the primary narrator, Marlow, who too, is a product of the dominant society. For the novels narrator, Marlow, the journey up the Congo River to the heart of darkness is reminiscent of Guidos journey into hell in Dantes Inferno, with these literary allusion always present, through forms of intense imagery. The landscape takes on a hellish nature and the wilderness is personified. Death is omnipresent and this is reflected in the death imagery used†¦show more content†¦Darkness is used throughout the novel to symbolize savagery, death and the unknown. Marlows observation is reinforced when London is described as a brooding gloom. In thisinstance the physical description of the city serves to reinforce Marlows theory, and refute the earlier judgments of the frame narrator. Marlow tells of his quest for employment, that is, an unnamed city in Brussels, the sepulchral city that he visits to sign his contract. Conrad uses much death imagery to describe the physical appearance of the city. He describes it: as having the appearance of a well kept alley in a cemetery. Marlow travels to the dead centre of the city. He observes grass sprouting between the stones just as grass sprouts between tombstones. This environmental imagery is symbolic of the hypocrisy that Marlow Witnesses, the exploitation that forms the basis of the company and the universality of death. All three interpretations of the applicability of the imagery are reasonable however, the death imagery also links to Marlows apprehension. Marlow says that he felt as if he had been let into some conspiracy. The death imagery associated with this, the first leg of Marlows journey on his way to his farthest point of navigation and culminating point of (his) experience is appropriate as it relates stro ngly to

Bel Canto Opera Essay - 2271 Words

Opera in the Romantic Period was a time when opera changed drastically, especially in the country of Italy. The recognition of singers as being important, almost irreplaceable, in the art of â€Å"bel canto† opera changed the idea of a vocalist in opera forever. A singer’s voice was prized and Italian composers, like Rossini, Donizetti, and Bellini wrote operas and works to showcase the voice, it’s color, range and agility. These Italian composers were moving away from the normal style of composition of the time, and the composer Rossini, who set the stage for many other followers. Many of the operas written during this time are still performed today and are highly acclaimed. For the most part, before Italy became a main player, France†¦show more content†¦No longer was the orchestra the main component to listen to when attending an opera. Librettists and composers worked extremely close to get the right feel for arias and other pieces in the stor y. Bel Canto was a form of singing that was pretty much defined by three Italian composers: Rossini, Donizetti, and Bellini. These three composers had huge success in Italy and their operas are still being performed to this day. These captivating operas like Il barbiere di Sivilglia, Lucia di lammermoor, and Norma are three of the most popular and challenging operas that singers can be involved in. These three composers really set the stage for the rise of Italian opera. Rossini is probably the most popular composer of this era. His works are many and are extremely popular. Rossini was born in Pesaro in 1792 and on December15th, 1815 when he was only twenty-three years old, he signed a contract to write an opera for a theater in Rome (Weaver, 11). His childhood friend, Gertrude Righetti Giorgi, premiered as Rosina in Rossin’s Il barbiere di Siviglia, on opening night for the Nobile Teatro di Torre Argentina (Weaver, 19). Il barbiere di Siviglia went on to become one of the more famous operas of Rossini’s. This opera went through many struggles, however, because of the similar storyShow MoreRelatedThe Bel Canto Opera Performance1155 Words   |  5 PagesWhen students study to sing Italian bel canto opera, it’s better to use the work which performed by people who is original singer to imitate and practice. However, there are still a series of problems will happen for non-Italian students when they are study singing the opera, for example Semiramide. Bel raggio lusinghier. Even according to the video soundtrack to imitate, the overall effect artistic and performances is not satisfactory. The problems are pronunciation hesitation, slurred speech, unknownRead MoreA Theme of the Opera in Bel Canto by Ann Patchett645 Words   |  3 PagesBel Canto by Ann Patchett The theme of the novel draws its most core intensities from the art of opera. Patchett fantastically utilizes the language and the pathos of music for the examination of jun gle born revolutionaries and the international hostages. This novel reflects our extraordinary aptitude to structure emotional associations in improbable and shaky ways. Manette Ansay, author of Midnight Champagne says: Let me put this plainly: Ann Patchett has written the best book I have read in aRead MoreLucia di Lammermoor mad scene Essay2196 Words   |  9 PagesLammermoor, written in 1835, is an opera by Gaetano Donizetti (1797-1848) based on the novel The Bride of Lammermoor by Sir Walter Scott. The opera is often called a masterpiece and has, thus far, stood the test of time. It was not only popular in its day, but remains popular repertory today and performed by companies around the world every year. The â€Å"Mad Scene† has been remarked as a reason to go to the opera. The scene uses motives from earlier in the opera that show a mind going insane, in additionRead MoreBel Canto : An Unrealistic Fairytale885 Words   |  4 Pages Bel Canto: An Unrealistic Fairytale Bel Canto is a drama induced romance novel written by Ann Patchett. The main character of the story is Roxanne Coss, an opera singer who, along with a plethora of other unique characters, finds herself suddenly taken hostage while performing at a private birthday party in an unnamed South American country. The specific location, we are told, is the vice-presidential palace, complete with all the luxuries and exclusivities that political dignitaries and wealthyRead More Sumi Jo Essay998 Words   |  4 Pagesgraduated from Accademia di Santa Cecilia in Rome after 3 years of study in keyboard and vocal music. A disciple of Maria Callas and Dame Joan Sutherland, a Korean vocalist, Sumi Jo has emerged as one of the most beautiful voices in contemporary Opera. As a coloratura soprano, Sumi Jo is a true diva of the highest order. Nature has been bountiful to her by endowing her with a fabulous voice and memory. Admired for the astonishing emotional expression, authenticity, and warmth of her coloratura voiceRead MoreMonteverdi Musical Works Essay1045 Words   |  5 Pagesproponent of the so-called Stile moderno (modern style) is unquestioned, as is his pre-eminence in the development of the new form of opera that sprang from the combination of music and speech in the art of Italian monody. Operas In 1607, Monteverdi established himself as a composer of major works with his opera LOrfeo, which is considered to be the first great opera. LOrfeo is based on the legend of Orpheus, the musician who sought to bring his beloved Eurydice back from the Underworld by theRead MoreItalian Music1489 Words   |  6 PagesHe said as much as he loves to play instruments and sing, he is aware that he does not have an opera voice, which would allow him to sing authentic Italian music. Classical Italian music is considered to be Opera. Opera was born in Italy in 1600 during the Italian Renaissance and by the late 16th century. Now, when thinking about Classical Italian music, I think of one of the most famous Italian opera composers, Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901). Verdis works are most noted for their emotional intensityRead MoreThe History Of Western Music1381 Words   |  6 PagesAs new instruments were incorporated into orchestras and compositions became increasingly more instrumental interpl ay had an increasing new role in the new baroque music. Claudio Monteverdi was a pioneer in the field of music at this time. His new operas contained many instances on interplay and sudden contrasts in feeling. As the seventeenth century progressed base parts in music became increasingly more important as the new basso continuo, idea formed. In the basso continuo soprano and alto voicesRead MoreEssay on Jean-Baptiste Lully1787 Words   |  8 Pagescomà ©dies-ballets. He didn’t thing the French language was appropriate for large works but was good for ballets. Perrin, a French composer, introduced opera around this time and Lully thought it was absurd. However, when Perrin’s â€Å"Promone† succeeded, Lully changed his mind. Perrin ended up in prison over a money dispute and Lully bought the opera patent from him. This gave him complete control of French operatic performances. Then in 1673 Molià ¨re died and the King granted the patent for the RoyalRead MoreThe Italian Born Community in Australia1282 Words   |  5 Pagesand drink wine with their meals, but always with moderation. Words such as pasta, risotto, minestrone, pizza, salami, prosciutto, gelato, espresso, cappuccino, caffe-latte etc, have entered the Australian vocabulary as have words such as opera, concerto, bel canto and the numerous musical terms such as allegro, lento, forte, fortissimo, piano, pianissimo, adagio etc. Food and music are essential components of a nation’s life and culture. ATTITUDES TO CARE Traditionally, the family is

James Flynn s Creation Of The Flynn Effect - 925 Words

Alfred Adams Ms. D Psychology 3/15/16 Chapter 10 Intelligence Essay Intelligence is defined as the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations. We can measure a person’s intelligence by assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes using numerical scores. Psychologists are currently still arguing whether intelligence is inherited or acquired. Nature is focuses more on genetics and hormones while. Nurture, on the other hand, focuses on external factors that have an influence on individuals. Regarding the intelligence debate in Psychology, the most important factor is nurture/environment. One piece of evidence that supports nurture in this debate is James Flynn’s creation of the Flynn†¦show more content†¦Hunt tested a tutored human enrichment program. This allowed caregivers to play language fostering games with the children. The results were successful showing infants being able to name over 50 objects and body parts. Hunt concluded that â€Å"environmental conditions can depress cognitive development.† This also occurs in many education systems around the world. Students are not cared for by under qualified teachers, destroying their chances of being more intelligent individuals. A third piece of evidence that supports nurture as being a more important factor of intelligence in this debate is racial groups differing in their average intelligence score. Around WWII more IQ tests were being given due to soldiers in the United States applying to serve their country. African Americans scored lower (typical Black scores below 85% of Whites) on the se tests containing vocabulary, reading, and mathematics. Test given to the soldiers around this time were extremely biased to Western-European culture. This shows that the black-white test gap is not related to nature entirely. When black and white children attend same schools the gap begins to shrink, proving that environment is a huge factor regarding intelligence. It shrinks when they have the same wealth and income. â€Å"When black or mixed-race children are raised in white rather than black homes, their preadolescent test scores rise dramatically.† (NewYorkTimes). There is too much evidence to prove the reasoning for

Motorola turns to project portfolio management free essay sample

What are some of the challenges Motorola faces as a business? Why is project management so critical at this company? Challenges: How to better manage its systems and its projects to lower operating costs. Why : a. Project management will be more competitive by entering a ruthless and constant evolving sector (Smartphone) and being more efficient on coordinating its IT (Multinational firm) b. Project management will be more cost efficient by coping with the economic downturn (by saving money and increasing efficiency) and it will better coordinate 1800 IS and 1500 IS employees for 1000 projects per year (avoiding redundant working) 2. What features of HP PPM were most useful to Motorola? Help managers to compare projects â€Å"Centralized source of other critical information such as the amount of investment dollars used by a process and the priorities of business requests coming through Motorola’s system† O? Quick and easy access to data O? Perform analysis O? What-if scenario planning tool O? Reduction of cost structure by 40% O? Reduction of IT support costs by 25% 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Motorola turns to project portfolio management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What management, organization, and technology factors had to be addressed before Motorola could implement and successfully use HP PPM? Before Motorola could implement and successfully use HP PPM, they have tackled factors in different fields such as: 2 Before HP PPM After HP PPM Management Eliminate â€Å"redundant silos of activity † to cut costs and increase productivity Manage many workers more easily and leading to efficiency(save time) Organization Prioritize resource usage Help managers compare proposals, projects and operation activities against budget an resource capacity levels Technology Automate processes, lower operating costs Quick and easy access with a centralized source of information 4. Evaluate the business impact of adopting HP PPM at Motorola. The business impact of adopting HP PPM at Motorola: O? Reduce cost by 40% O? 150% ROI O? IT support costs decreased by 25% Which responds to Motorola’s expectations Use a search engine to search for â€Å"IT portfolio management software† or â€Å"IT project management software† and find a competing offering to HP PPM. Then answer the following questions: 1. What makes this solution different from HP PPM? Solution: IBM Rational Focal Point The differences lies on: O? Software : Operating systems supported: Linux, Solaris (Sun microsystems), Windows family which leads to be compatible with all operating system O? Focuses on the market: Integrate enterprise architecture plans and project execution into portfolio management Which ensures enterprise and project-level decisions are aligned with financial and market needs 2. What types of companies is this solution best geared towards? 2 Most likely in the private sector: Non-limited companies and For-profit corporation 3. Find a case study of this solution in action. Did the company described in the case realize similar benefits to Motorola? For example: Direct-sales Multinationals Features: O? Direct-sales (Market- and business-driven product and portfolio management) O? Customer centered (collecting data for market research) O? Important board (project-level decisions, aligned with financial and market needs) O? Stock corporation( modeling financial and market impacts) Similar benefits: O? Development portfolio analysis process O? Fast O? Obtain more information

Century Poetry In Resisting Nationalism Essay Example For Students

Century Poetry In Resisting Nationalism Essay On the other hand, the fall of Leonia power and the rise of new nations began a new phase in human history; the post -colonial search for definitions and identities. Neither the World Wars nor the decentralization of nations were singular, one-time events, they kick-started long, difficult chains of socio-political change that were marked by events like Liberation Wars, Civil Wars, Communist Movements and the Cold War. Thus the 20th century witnessed not only independent events, but the beginning itself of a process of redefinition. If the events like the birth of new nations and the World War realigned he map of world politics, then the process they began was one of reconciliation. Over the last 120 years or so, reformers and thinkers have tried to reconcile three basic sets of contradictions or oppositions; that between the East and the West, that between the past and the present, and that between tradition and modernity. For some, the contradictions overlap, for others they are orthogonal. To many, traditions and the past seem synonymous, while to others, surrounded by traditions, they are very much a part of modernity, of the present. Amidst these oppositions (and moieties, binaries) of many kinds, as in all periods of conflict and searching, we have a rich body of 20th century poetry, representing both the East and the West, the new nations and the old, that try to make sense of changing world around them. In this essay, I shall try and focus on how 20th century poetry confronts and attempts to resist, or at the least critique, one of the most problematic and powerful concepts of this new, changing world; Nationalism. A good place to begin this discussion would be the works of Arbitrating Étagà ¨re (1861-1941), not as a poet, but as perhaps the SST influential socio-political theorist of Mindedness as we understand it. Étagà ¨re was writing extensively on Nationalism, in both his fiction and non-fiction, at a time when the idea of Nationalism was still a vague one at best to the leaders of the Indian freedom movement. Étagà ¨re recognized the need for a national ideology of India as a means of cultural survival and, at the same time, recognized that for the same reason, India would either have to make a break with the post-medieval Western concept of Nationalism or give the concept a new content. For Étagà ¨re, Nationalism itself became gradually illegitimate. As Ashes Andy observes, Over time, he observes in his works, the Indian freedom movement ceased to be an expression of only nationalist consolidation; it came to acquire a new stature as a symbol of the universal struggle for political Justice and cultural dignity. Étagà ¨re probably realized that an unseen-critical Indian Nationalism was gradually coming into being, primarily as a response to Western Imperialism, and, like all such responses, shaped by what it sought to respond to. Such a version of Nationalism could not but be limited by its time and origin. Etageres fear of nationalism, then, ere out of his experience of the record of anti-imperialism in India, and he attempted to link his concept of Mindedness with his understanding of the multi- cultural Indian civilization rather than a clinically defined Indian nation. As Andy puts it, did not want his society to be caught in a situation where the idea of the Indian nation would supersede that of the Indict civilization and lifestyle, where the actual lives of Indians would be assessed solely in terms of the needs of an imaginary nation-state called India. What was Etageres starting point in this matter of Nationalism against civilization? Does this relate only to colonial India, or will the analysis hold true even for an independent society ruled by its own nation-state, either created by the fall of colonial control or simply realigned by the impact of the World War? A post-World War I Germany, for instance, was in need of redefinition and reconciliation of immensely problematic socio-political binaries as much as a post- liberation East Pakistan, as marked by the rise and success of Doll Hitler in Germany, and on the Bash Andiron and subsequent Liberation War of Bangladesh, 1971. Étagà ¨re addresses these issues of change and reconciliation of the society estranged from civilization by ideas of Nationalism in his brief essay Nationalism (1917), where he does not focus on India alone, but comments on the general nature of the nation-state itself. Étagà ¨re distinguishes between governments by kings and human races (his term for civilizations) and governments by nations (his term for nation-states). He explicitly generalizes his critique of Nationalism by saying that government by the Nation is neither British nor anything else; it is an applied science. It is universal, impersonal, and for that reason completely effective. In his defense of the traditional civilization against modern nationalism, Étagà ¨re says, l am quite sure in those days (pre-colonial era) we had things that were extremely distasteful to us. But we know that when we walk barefooted upon ground strewn with gravel, our feet come gradually to adjust themselves to the caprices o f the inhospitable earth; while if the tiniest particle of gravel finds its lodgment inside our shoes, we can never forget and forgive its intrusion. These shoes are the Nation; they are tight, they regulate our steps with a closed-up system, within which our feet have only the slightest liberty to make their wan adjustments. Therefore, when you produce statistics to compare the number of gravels which our feet had to encounter in the former days with the paucity of the present regime, you hardly touch the real point The Nation forges its iron chains of organization which are the most relentless and unbreakable that have ever been manufactured in the whole history of man. Étagà ¨re reminds his non-Lillian audience too, that the dangers of Nationalism are as potent in the European nations as in the colonized Afro-Asian countries. He comments, Not merely the subject races, but you ho live under the delusion that you are free, are every day sacrificing your freedom and humanity to this fetish of Nationalism It is no consolation to us to know that this weakening of humanity is not limited to the subject races, and that its ravage s are more radical because it hypnotizes people into believing that they are free. Early 20th century poetry, specifically those written during the World Wars, demonstrate the acute awareness of this delusion that are free in European and Aimer poets. War Poetry provides a unique and powerful space for poetic creation; the battlefield. Both literally and figuratively, the battlefield acts as the perfect others a margin without any conception of what it is to demarcate, what it is to separate from what other, because the war itself is an act of defining the lines; geopolitical and socio-cultural. Consequently, the field of war makes it possible for poetry to create a new communicative index for ideas of Nationalism that both drive and a defined by the act of war. It often becomes essential for the war poet to critique t partisan nature of Nationalism, because the sense of disillusionment is more pot in someone who has actually served in the war, and it becomes difficult for ideological Nationalism to control their expression of doubts, in this case in the f of poetry. We find a clear articulation of this skepticism in the poetry of Philip Deed Thomas (1878-1917), one of the major Anglo-Welsh war poets during the World W In his poem This Is No Case Of Petty Right Or Wrong, he writes, This is no case of petty right or wrong/That politicians or philosophers/ Can Judge. I hate not Germ nor grow hot/ With love of Englishmen, to please newspapers/ Beside my hate for fat patriot,] My hatred of the Kaiser is love true-I A kind of god he is, banging a g But I have not to choose between the two/ Or between Justice and injustice. Too wrote this poetry after a famous public argument with his own father, a convention patriot who demonic the Germans. His main problem with the strand of Nationalism his father represents is its tendency to reduce any international rival to a binary to black-and-white, the tendency of martial British Nationalism during World War to define itself almost exclusively based on the tethering of the rival. Thomas was a British soldier h imself, and died in service during the Battle of Ear France, 1917. So when he uses poetry as a communicative medium for his understanding of martial, patriotic identity, it is understandably based on person experience of the soldiers life. What Thomas is articulating here is that the solid loyalty is neither unconditional nor a fragmentary concept, it is based on an object understanding of ones own position visa a visa that of an enemy solider; the loyalty the other to his own cause must be considered equivalent to the loyalty of the s Nationalism banks in on the alienation of this self from the other, and nowhere this indoctrination become more visible than in martial training. Ashes Andy, in Illegitimacy of Nationalism: Étagà ¨re and the Politics of Self (1993), explains this attempt to understand the other with reference to the character of Knishes in Etageres Share Bare. Andy says, Knishes believes that God is manifest in one own country and must be worshipped by the same logic, God must be manifest in other countries too, and there is no scope for hatred of them Such a manipulation requires, Étagà ¨re implies, symbols embedded in an exclusivity cultural-religious idiom His form of populism combines mob politics with realities. The patriotic Nationalism that Thomas is finds so acutely disturbing is nothing more than this same populism, this manipulation of a multi-cultural society, utilizing certain common ideas of hatred xenophobia for an external enemy, to unite them in a shallow, brittle conception Nation to be proud of. One might remember, in this context, a much later poem the Bengali poet Shasta Osteopathy (1933-1995) called Dud Shunne d. Addressing the acute awareness to HTH War Poetry provided battlefield Both literally AR d without any con tram what other. Cause and socio-cultural. Consent create a new communication defined by the act of war. I partisan nature of Nation in someone who has actual ideological to to poetry. Eve tint a clear Thomas one o In his poem This Is ND Case petty right our nor grow hot/ love of fat patriot. My hatred of TTT But have not to choose but wrote this poetry after ATA patriot who demounted Nationalism his father rep to d binary to black-and-w World War to denned Itself Thomas USA a British solid understanding of littoral. Experience of the soldiers loyalty is neither uncounted understanding of ones owe the other to ms own cause Nationalism hanks In on this indoctrination. On become Illegitimate_y of Nationalism attempt to understand the Etageres Share Bare Name awn country and must be reevaluates other countries MN ¶connation [of the symbols embedded in an corrosives politics Witt tells so acutely disturbing millionaire off multi-cult xenophobia for an external Untold TA be proud of. On the Bengali poet Shasta Chi idea of the binary, albeit from a more domestic, personal They go two ways, they go two ways/ Nobody goes Just on two lives apart/ Not lose a single one/ Its hard to find some sides/ By walls, running away/ From whatever is not/ All d this game/ My heart is split into two, and they remain/ In actual word is shunts which denotes zero, nothing and he richness of the concept explored here. ) Why this peer a shift to the personal is important (as in Sheaths poem) w we progress. Alasdair Maclean's poem Question and answer and Sonnet 43 by Elizabeth Barret Browning EssayGeorge Orwell (1903-1950) points out this subtle, manipulative nature of Nationalism, inseparable from ideas of power dynamics, in Notes On Nationalism; By nationalism I mean first of all the habit of assuming that human beings can be classified like insects and that whole blocks of millions or tens of millions of people can be confidently labeled good or bad. But secondly -? and this is much more important -? I mean the habit of identifying oneself with a single nation or other unit, placing it beyond good and evil and recognizing no other duty than that of advancing its interests Nationalism is inseparable from the desire for power. The abiding purpose of every nationalist is t secure more power and more prestige, not for himself but for the nation or other UN in which he has chosen to sink his own individuality. Thus, we can see why a grade shift to looking at the Nation as a personal perception, as we have discussed earlier, comes necessary in resisting an institution that seeks to sink own individuality. What then, should follow a poets shift to personal perception in his or her resistance of Nationalism? A creation of an alternate space, an alternate communicative index, becomes necessary, because the poets prerogative is not to counter an institution with another, but to exploit the gaps in the institution itself, creating a voice that, above everything else, resists. Resistance itself becomes an important tool in asserting the individual identity against the restraints of an institution; Just as an institution is in the constant process of imposing and restraining, the act of successful resistance itself too should remain constantly dynamic and prevent becoming a stagnant counter-institution itself. We have looked at poetry in the times of war and conflict so far, but to understand this resistance more clearly, poetry written in times of apparent peace should be investigated. In times of war, the institution of Nationalism becomes more visible, and war poetry has the advantage of addressing it more directly than most other genres of writing. However, in times of normalcy, the institution is as subtle as it can be, and poetry of resistance needs to be the most penetrative, the most acutely sensitive, to address and critique this system. One such practitioner of the poetry of resistance we will turn to here is Unbar Apothecary (1948-2014), the Bengali writer who remained, for the greater part of his life, committed to revolutionary and radical aesthetics. In resisting the machinery of the nation-state, Unbars literature remains one of the touchstones, both in its radical, often subversive content and its unorthodox style, among practitioners of Bengali literature. In his most famous poem Ii Impurity Pothook Mare Dash Ana, he articulates his idea of the nation as personal perception, This valley of death is not my nation/ This hangmans arena is not my nation/ This expansive cemetery is not my nation/ This bloodstained butchers yard is not my nation/ I will take back my nation again will not make peace with the alcohol poured over the back whipped bloody in the torture chamber/ I will not make peace with the electric shocks to the nude body, the ugly sexual torture/ I will not make peace with being lynched to death, the gun firing into the skull at point blank range/ Poetry overcomes all/ Poetry is armed, poetry is free, poetry is fearless/ Look at us, Makeovers, Hickman, Neared, Argon, Inward/ We have not let your poetry go to waste/ Rather, the whole Nation is now trying to form itself into an Epic/ Where all the rhymes will be composed in the rhythm of the guerilla warriors. Such is the personal imagination of the Nation for a poet who, when asked about his most prominent ideological belief, said, l am no longer anthropocentric in my belief system. It is Unbars break from thinking of the self as a structural and functional nit of an anthropocentric system that allows him the space to look at personal perception as unrestrained, uncorroborated and truly individual. It is not Just violence Unbar is critiquing in this poem, but the very act of defining the Nation (and consequently, Nationalism) on instruments and events tainted by this violence. Poetry, here, defines the self for Unbar. He looks at himself, above everything else, as a practitioner of poetry; This is the correct time for poetry/ Pamphlets, graffiti, stencils/ I could use my blood, my bones, my tears to create a collage/ Of poetry right owe/ At the shattered face of the sharpest pain/ In the face of terrorism, looking calmly into the headlights of the Van/ I could throw poetry into their faces right now/ Whatever the murderer possesses, the memories of 38 or anything else/ I could deny Individuality. What then, shoal her resistance to Nationalism? Communicative Index. Become: counter an institution with NC creating a voice that, above ewe important tool in asserting the Institution: just as an Institutes restraining, the act of successful dynamic and prevent becoming at poetry in the times of war a mare clearly, poetry relent in times to ovary. He institution of the advantage of addressing it However, in times of ;normalcy resistance needs to be the MO and critique this system. One turn to here is Unbar Bath for the greater part of his life, resisting ere machinery of the touchstones, both in its radical among practitioners of Bengali pothook Mare Dash Ana. He perception, This valley of dead nation, This expansive cemetery not my nation/ will take back poured over the back whipped With the electric shocks to the peace With being lynched to De Poetry overcomes all/ Poetry is Makeovers, Hickman, Neared, Rather, the whole Notion is no homes Hill be composed In the personal imagination of the In prominent Ideological belief. . System. It is Unbars break unit of an anthropocentric cyst perception as unrestrained, our Unbar is critiquing In this p consequently, Nationalism) on Poetry, here, defines the self FCC as a practitioner of poetry; The stencils/ I could use my blood, now/ At the shattered face of t calmly into the headlights of t? Whatever the murderer posse and write poetry right now. If his self, whose blood, b inseparable from the act of writing poet ry in his magi perception of the Nation for himself, that perception by poetry too. In other words, Unbars poetry is not Nation as such, but is trying to bring his personal peer same sphere as his perception of himself; both as Poe and tears form a collage of poetry, the Nation too, is t Epic; a union of the Nation and the self through the c as poetry, within the poets imagination, is achieved. T radical and revolutionary ideas, because we find else expression of the poetic self becoming the revolution potentially destructive power of creative imagination; the smell of blood/ Let poetry go up in flames like gun torches of poetry/ Let the Molotov cocktails of poetry/ poetry/ Crash into the desire of this fire! The idea of appears again in the poetry of the Bangladesh poet S especially in the well-known Buck Tara Bangladesh his idea of Nation as individual perception, he maps h the body of a young boy; the ultimate effect is not one Nation, but a reduction of the Nation to something that individual understanding; And he walks out naked in torso/ The sun scribbles unique slogans/ He walks at t and suddenly/ The hundreds of guns that patrol the s bullets not Nor Husseins breast, but the breast of Ban cries out like a deer trapped in a burning forest/ And t out of her body. The poetry of Normalized Gun (1945 lacing the identity of the Nation within individual co specific, in Swap, Nab-Bouzouki Sheikh, the dread a personal dream, an individual aspiration; When I gar petals of a sunflower, one at a time/ Shall blossom wit trapped inside the heart of my poetry/ And the grapes today/ Will become wine and intoxicate the Bangle of t then? (To digress momentarily, Guns use of the word nation is a cle ver, subtle pun, as Bangle also signifies mischievously echoing the Wine that intoxicates. These common in Guns poetry, and often provide much nee conclude this section, I shall mention Buddha Bas specifically his poem, Misjudged Kibitz. The quests here develops into one of active, constructive engage in understanding what Nationalism signifies to each o belief, but as a personal perception, And I know we w history is what chains us/ Oh, how else could we be FRR effortless union? / Union of the human with the human world/ And you are the proof of that union, you are the how the critique of Nationalism through poetry has SSH 20th century and beyond, not Just chronologically but perhaps also depending on the specific socio-cultural contexts. Resistance itself becomes an important feature of this system of critique; from the resistance of Nationalism as a partisan system that remotes what Jacques Lagan would call the overriding attitude of unmediated opposition, to the resistance of Nationalism as an institution itself in favor of personal perception, to the resistance of any kind of institution whatsoever in favor of locating the Nation within the poetic self. Of course, this is not a singular chain of events, nor does the process take place in a linear, consistent manner. But having looked at the different pieces of poetry chosen for this discussion, it would seem that the critique and resistance of Nationalism are inseparable from each other; a eroticism of the institution of Nationalism would invariably present itself as a process of resistance, because the very machinery of Nationalism dehumidifies and compartmentalizes, going against the basic nature of individual spirit, that tends to locate itself in the physical world. Poetry, always one of the most powerful instruments communicating the spirit of the personal, confronts this restraining nature of Nationalism and critiques it through a chain of resistance, ultimately culminating in the personal itself; to understand Nationalism is to resist Nationalism, s the only way possible for the concept of Nation to be compatible to the liberated human spirit is for the Nation to be located within the self.

Teaching Expository Writing Using Multiple Intelligence Theory free essay sample

This paper details methods used in teaching expository writing, and then gives an overview of multiple intelligence theory. Uses buzzwords like empower and geared to specific intelligences. This paper explores the different methods of teaching expository writing at a secondary school level. The topics covered are: Different theories of teaching expository writing; different methods used to teach expository writing; the use of multiple intelligence theory as a framework for diverse teaching of writing; and the application of multiple intelligence theory in the classroom. Information literacy in the form of classes on information management and retrieval precede any actual writing in composition classes at some schools (Farmer Mech, 1992). Behaviorist approaches, such as the one advocated by Kanellas, Carifio, and Dagostino (1998), require the teacher to break the tasks involved in expository writing into small teaching units that will ultimately lead to an acceptable paper. Chomsky (1985) sees poor writing as evidence of an inability of the student to develop his own knowledge, as do teachers of writing from middle school to college. We will write a custom essay sample on Teaching Expository Writing Using Multiple Intelligence Theory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Writing a Great AP Literature Sample Essay

Writing a Great AP Literature Sample EssayIf you are interested in writing an AP Literature sample essay then the following advice will be useful to you. These tips can be a great help to those that are just beginning to write such a paper. There are lots of sample essays online that can be used to get you started.The first step that you need to take is to understand why you should write a literature sample essay. This will assist you when you need to write it. You will also find out which types of topics are suitable for this type of paper. It may be the topic of a group of students at school or it could be the class of a student that you are coaching.Once you know what the topic is and how to write a particular type of essay then you need to go online and check out some sample papers. Some of these may be from your own class and you will be able to get a feel for what type of paper you would like to write.You can also visit various essay examples. This is to see what kind of style will work best for you.When you have the basic idea of what the literature sample essay should be about, you need to search for appropriate samples. Usually the subject of the sample is something that relates to the area that you are in and the type of students that you are dealing with. If this is the case then you can narrow down the area that you want to write about and find examples of the sort of topics that you would want to write about.You can find some good essays for the AP English Literature Sample Essay on the internet. You should be able to find some very good samples in the resource box below this article.In order to writean AP Literature sample essay the key point that you need to remember is that you should not force yourself to write a paper. You will find that once you do write it then you will find that it flows much better. The more relaxed you are, the easier it will be for you to write and the better it will be for you.Another key point is that you should always give a lot of thought to the topic of the AP Literature Sample Essay. This will enable you to come up with something that is interesting and to satisfy the students in the class. The most important thing is that you give it your all!

Introduction to Sentence Combining Exercises

Introduction to Sentence Combining Exercises This exercise will introduce you to sentence combining- that is, organizing sets of short, choppy sentences into longer, more effective ones. However, the goal of sentence combining is not to produce longer sentences but rather to develop more effective sentencesand to help you become a more versatile writer. Sentence combining calls on you to experiment with different methods of putting words together. Because there are countless ways to build sentences, your goal is not to find the one correct combination but to consider different arrangements before you decide which one is the most effective. An Example of Sentence Combining Lets consider an example. Start by looking at this list of eight short (and repetitive) sentences: She was our Latin teacher.We were in high school.She was tiny.She was a birdlike woman.She was swarthy.She had dark eyes.Her eyes were sparkling.Her hair was graying. Now try combining those sentences into three, two, or even just one clear and coherent sentence: in the process of combining, omit repetitive words and phrases (such as She was) but keep all of the original details. Have you succeeded in combining the sentences? If so, compare your work with these sample combinations: Our Latin teacher in high school was a tiny woman. She was swarthy and birdlike. She had dark, sparkling eyes and graying hair.When we were in high school, our Latin teacher was a tiny woman. She was swarthy and birdlike, with dark, sparkling eyes and graying hair.Our high school Latin teacher was a swarthy, birdlike woman. She was tiny, with dark, sparkling eyes and graying hair.Our Latin teacher in high school was a birdlike woman, tiny and swarthy, with graying hair and dark, sparkling eyes. Remember, theres no single correct combination. In fact, there are usually several ways to combine sentences in these exercises. After a little practice, however, youll discover that some combinations are clearer and more effective than others. If youre curious, here is the sentence that served as the original model for this little combining exercise: Our high school Latin teacher was a tiny, birdlike woman, swarthy, with sparkling dark eyes, graying hair.(Charles W. Morton, It Has Its Charm) An unusual combination, you might say. Is it the best version possible? As well see in later exercises, that question cant be answered until we look at the combination in the context of the sentences that precede and follow it. Nevertheless, certain guidelines are worth keeping in mind as we evaluate our work in these exercises. Evaluating Sentence Combinations After combining a set of sentences in a variety of ways, you should take the time to evaluate your work and decide which combinations you like and which ones you dont. You may do this evaluation on your own or in a group in which you will have a chance to compare your new sentences with those of others. In either case, read your sentences out loud as you evaluate them: how they sound to you can be just as revealing as for how they look. Here are six basic qualities to consider when you evaluate your new sentences: Meaning. As far as you can determine, have you conveyed the idea intended by the original author?Clarity. Is the sentence clear? Can it be understood on the first reading?Coherence. Do the various parts of the sentence fit together logically and smoothly?Emphasis. Are keywords and phrases put in emphatic positions (usually at the very end or at the very beginning of the sentence)?Conciseness. Does the sentence clearly express an idea without wasting words?Rhythm. Does the sentence flow, or is it marked by awkward interruptions? Do the interruptions help to emphasize key points (an effective technique), or do they merely distract (an ineffective technique)? These six qualities are so closely related that one cant be easily separated from another. The significance of the various qualities- and their interrelationship- should become clearer to you as you continue to work on this skill.

Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous

Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous By Maeve Maddox A reader comments: I have seen and heard the word homogeneous  used to refer to a multiracial or multicultural society, whereas I would have used heterogeneous. Surely homogeneous  describes an â€Å"unmixed† group of people or things? Homogeneous is from a Greek word meaning â€Å"of the same kind.† It is often used in the context of describing a group of people who are all of one race, religion, ethnicity, or gender. For example, until 1932 when Hattie Caraway of Arkansas became the first woman to win election to the US Senate, that governing body was homogeneous in that it was made up entirely of men. The following examples illustrate this meaning of homogeneous: Pastors in the United States need to be intentional in making their congregations less homogeneous and more multi-ethnic, says the pastor of one of the fastest growing churches in the country. Countries in Europe and Northeast Asia tend to be the most homogenous [sic], sub-Saharan African nations the most diverse. Note: In the second example, the spelling homogenous is an error. The word spelled homogenous (without the second e) is used in biology with the meaning â€Å"having a common descent.† For example, â€Å"Any graft, either autogenous or homogenous, that is not immediately required can be stored for use at a later date.† Heterogeneous is from a Greek word meaning â€Å"of different kinds.† It may also be used to describe inanimate objects as well as groups of people: Now residents of highly educated, high income, racially mixed communities are often attracted to interethnic heterogeneous churches. Rubbish is composed of  a heterogeneous mixture  of discarded materials and is largely of  household origin. It is made up principally of paper, rags, wood, glass, crockery, bottles, tin cans, and numerous  other wastes.   The  melting pot  is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements melting together into a harmonious whole with a common culture.   The â€Å"melting pot† example offers a clue to the apparent contradiction that the reader has noticed in â€Å"the use of homogeneous  used to refer to a multiracial or multicultural society.† For example, a group might include a mix of different races, but be the same in some other respect: â€Å"Unlike state prisons, which almost exclusively hold people serving state sentences, jail populations are heterogeneous, making them particularly challenging to manage,† the report said. In this context, prisoners in a state prison are seen as a homogeneous group, in contrast to prisoners in a local jail. The prison inmates, whatever their race or gender, are homogeneous in that they are all there for the same reason: all are serving state sentences. What makes the jail inmates heterogeneous is not race or gender, but the fact that they have different reasons for being there. Perhaps the most controversial of all philosophical dilemmas concerning the structuring of people within the middle school is the homogeneous versus heterogeneous grouping debate. In this context, a â€Å"homogeneous grouping† would consist of children of similar abilities, whereas a â€Å"heterogeneous grouping† would include children of varying abilities. When lawmakers speak of the necessity to create â€Å"a homogeneous multiracial society,† their goal is a society in which race, ethnicity, and religion are of secondary importance to a sense of civic equality and consciousness of a shared culture. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Yiddish Handbook: 40 Words You Should KnowTaser or Tazer? Tazing or Tasering?Predicate Complements

Carmen by Georges Bizet - Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Carmen by Georges Bizet - Report - Essay Example The costumes of the opera singers were typically in the character of a Spanish Seville setting. At one point we saw actual Toreador clothing. PERFORMANCE SETTING According to the Grove Music Online the opera was chosen after a French book. A distant cousin of Bizet was one of the two people who wrote the libretto. The librettist were Henri Meilhac and Ludovic Halevy. (Grove 2011)They wrote for other French composers. Bizet chose the subject himself. He wanted to use melodrame as it had been used since 1850 in opera comique . (Grove 2011) An opera where there was dialogue accompanied by music was a technique that came from Italy in the opera buffa. TYPE(S) OF MUSIC . The opera was an opera comique taking after the opera buffa in the classical period. There were spoken parts. Carmen, the provocative bohemiane gypsy was a mezzo- soprano. Don Jose was a tenor which is higher than a bass. Before the opera began there was a short spoken introduction. I did not listen. I was too excited to hear the performance begin. Carmen is a gypsy who provokes men into loving her. A soldier, Don Josee, sees her kill another women and takes her to the police. He falls in love and lets her go. When he finds her again, she is already married to someone else. He becomes a bandit. He kills Carmen out of jealousy or madness because she won't come back to him. This soldier is Don Josee. Carmen, Don Josee, Micaella, and Escamillo are the principal characters. It was so different seeing the opera on stage than seeing it on a screen; the sounds of hearing the whole hall were amazing. Knowing that Bizet never had been to Spain makes one wonder how he could have written such Spanish sounding music. The Grove's said his opera changed the Spaniard's conception of their own music. The two parts of the opera chosen were. Carmen's Fate aria, and the Duet in Act IV before Don Josee kills Carmen. Carmen's Habanara "aria" is using all of Bizet's use of musical genres. 1. It starts with the use of voi ce as if were spoken drama with music being played under the voice. Please note the music is not accompanying the voice at certain points where it is at others. 2. The voice is used in dialogue with the chorus answering 3. The voice is used as an accompaniment to the chorus 4. The voice is used as a solo without any instrumental accompaniment. 5. The full orchestra with the full chorus begins the Fate "aria" The second part chosen is in Act IV of the opera. It is the final duet which ends the opera. The duet between Carmen an Don Josee is exquisitely beautiful. It is long for a duet of the Romantic Era. Bizet uses many techniques to change the emotions and the color of the aria. In the beginning there is very little instrumental intervention and the voices are calm. He is singing of how he loved her and she is saying she doesn't anymore. There is a build up of emotions when she says in the bottom of her soul she doesn't love him. The percussion and strings are playing and there is a change of attitude of Don Josee. He starts to beg and she sings in duet that she cannot go away with him. At one moment we hear the chorus and orchestra playing the Toreador theme. Don Josee knows Escamillo is coming and starts to sing more quickly. When he sings he is going to kill her, the key (tone ) changes to minor and the bass instruments play to show the gravity of the situation. He does kill her and the Toreador, Escamillo comes. This is a duet with

A tale of two lives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A tale of two lives - Essay Example As a result, the two teenage boys are now serving a sentence in juvenile jails (Pioppi 3). Frank court sentence is more rigid unlike Carlos. Frank is more violent and his criminal activities have landed him in jail thrice for alleged offences including drug peddling and murder. He is serving a sentence at the Long Lane School in Middletown. The juvenile prison is regarded as the home to some of the toughest teen criminals such as Frank. At this prison, the freedom of juveniles is curtailed and when they are allowed to go out, it must be under a guard watch (Pioppi 4). Unlike Frank, Carlos detention school is friendlier than Long Lane and it is managed by a private agency. Detainees at this prison are also privileged to have several amenities unlike in Long Lane. There are tennis courts and a swimming pool where the teens can unwind. According to the author, the Connecticut Junior Republic in Litchfield is more of a boarding school rather than a juvenile center for young criminals. In my view, Carlos prison enjoys more freedom than in Long Lane School, where juveniles are always handcuffed and their movements monitored. Carlos is never handcuffed and can move around the school without being guarded (Pioppi 5). Even though Frank is in a more secure facility, he manages to escape and still commit other serious crimes. His first crime was selling drugs at the city of New Haven. He was later released and was sentenced against for murder charges. He escaped again several time and was involved in a shooting incident. This shows his determination to commit more crimes without getting worried about spending his entire life in prison. His tone is rough and unapologetic and it shows that prison life has not rehabilitated him. As the author notes, the prison authorities are contemplating sending him to prison for good (Pioppi 4). Carlos is friendlier and polite as compared to Frank. The author describes him as a changed person who does not correspond to

Walt Whitman :: essays research papers

Walt Whiteman though himself out to be the poet of American democracy. His poetry described an america where the future had already begun. Whitman believed every individual had as much dignity, and inmportance as anyone else. No job was considered to small or insubordinate. He believed that in order to reach their full potential, people had to break down the barriers that seperated them from others and from parts of their own being. He enciouraged things that made people less embarassed and mroe outgoing. Whitman was the kind of poet who follows his own bent, in spite of his misunderstanding. He found supporters among the leading writers of his time and was gradually recognized as the first great poet of new age. In "i am one of the nation" Whitman wrote, "I am of old and young, of foolish, and of wise, and stuffed with the stuff that is find. One of the natrions the smallest, the same, and the largest, the same." After reading this, I notice Walt Whitman is talking about being equal. People are all equal and together we make up an equal nation. He also wrote " the runaway slave came to my house, and stepped inside...and went where he sat on a log and led him in and assured him, brought him water, filled a tub for his sweated body, and bruised feet, and gave him a room that entered minem and gave him coarse clean clothes. I had him sit next to me at table" This shoes that Walt Whitman believes everyone is equal and deserves equal tretment and respect. He believes in everything he writes about. In a march in the ranks hand pressed" Whitman says "at my feet more dinstinctlively a so;dier, a meere lad in danger of bleeding to death" when he said this, I niticed he did not say a black man or a white man, he was talking about the solidiers together, as equal indivuduals. In "when lilacls last in the dooryard bloomed" Whitman wrote this as al elegy.

Human Resources Management In Small and Medium Enterprises Essay

Introduction Competitive advantage to a firm accrues from the judicious employment of three basic types of resources, namely Physical Capital Resources, such as Finances, Plant and Equipment Organizational Capital Resources – Structure and systems in the organization Human Capital Resources, which include the skills, competencies, experience and intelligence of employees.[1] Human resources are among the most important resources that an organisation utilises and hence its importance to any organisation can be easily understood. Small-to-Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are no exception to this rule, although this aspect is frequently lost sight of. This paper examines the role and importance of Human Resources in SMEs, and compares SMEs from two different cultural backgrounds – Taiwan and the UK. Role of Human Resources in SMEs â€Å"The study of human resources management in SMEs needs to be strongly encouraged. CEO/founders in SMEs view human resource management decisions as very important to the growth of their enterprises†[2]   A study into the perception of important HR issues in small organizations showed that â€Å"top six issues were wage rates, availability of quality workers, government regulation, training, benefits, and job security†[3] The role of Human Resources in SMEs is to contribute meaningfully to organisational objectives in a flexible and demanding environment. Lack of strategic employee management is widely accepted as characteristic of small enterprises. Decision-making has been perceived to be of relatively short-term nature compared to larger organisations, making small enterprises more flexible and less conflict-prone. At the same time, this also means that the advantages of long-term planning such as greater efficiency and effectiveness are lost. On the human resources front, this means that such organisations tend to have reduced capability to attract, retain and motivate the best human resources. This becomes important in view of the fact that out of thousands of small businesses that are established every year, only a few manage to survive in the long-term. While long-term planning and HR strategy are not the only reasons for this, they are among the important reasons. Hence an examination of the HR function as a strategic part of business, and its relevance to long-term planning, is in order. In addition, the role of recruitment and selection, training, and performance management, are also relevant to any discussion on the role of human resources. Planning and Human Resources Management Strategic planning for the organisation needs to be linked to individual goals. In turn, this means that the job design should take into account the long-term objectives of the organisation. â€Å"A framework for strategic management incorporating HRM involves developing a mission statement that answers questions of what businesses the organisation is in; determining goals that are general and long term; and establishing objectives that are short term and measurable. It should also encompass a complete SWOT analysis that incorporates HRM as a functional unit of analysis.†[4] One of the essential requirements of Human Resources Planning is proper job design. Human resources planning involves the matching of the knowledge and skills that are likely to be required in future with those that it has or will have. Human Resources Planning will help the organisation to estimate critical resource requirements, plan training and development needs, and link individual goals to organizational objectives. Job design involves specifying the characteristics of the job and the requirements such as skills for performing these jobs. Job design will thus provide the framework for a host of HR planning activities that can be linked to organizational objectives.[5] Recruitment and Selection Once the plans of the organization are clear the next important issue that any organisation needs to address is to get the right staff to implement the plans. â€Å"Surveys indicate that about 25 per cent of small businesses view the lack of qualified workers as a threat to their expansion and very survival.†[6] The problem assumes particular importance in the case of small enterprises because they almost always have a problem in attracting and retaining the best talent. This is partly due to the fact that they are unable to compete with larger firms for quality staff, because it is impossible for them to match the rewards and prestige that come along with positions in larger firms. Additionally, smaller firms have a reputation for being oriented towards a ‘hire and fire’ culture. Training Once the plans are clear, and the recruitment of the right people has been completed, it becomes necessary to motivate the staff, as well as to enable them to perform their tasks efficiently. This requires periodic training of the employees. Training is important in the case of small enterprises because they are more prone to changing environments and higher attrition rates. This makes it necessary for people to be more flexible, and to be trained in all aspects of the business. While the need for training of staff is thus greater in the case of a small enterprise, it is also accompanied by greater constraints that make it more difficult for these organisations to implement training programmes. Small organisations face two constraints in t his respect: Their budget for training may be more limited, and they may lack the necessary resources to carry out such training It is more difficult for small enterprises to spare their people for training programmes. In spite of the above limitations, however, small enterprises need to concentrate more on training, as it is an investment that needs to be done. â€Å"It has been suggested that top performing companies are distinguished by their higher spending on training and development.†[7] Performance Management Performance Management â€Å"includes work and job design, reward structures, the selection of people for work, the training of these employees, assessment of work performance and policies associated with rewarding and improving performance.†[8] Performance Appraisals are an important part of Performance Management and are useful in improving performance, assist HR planning, and identify development needs and potential for promotion. Small businesses, in general, lack a formal performance appraisal system. The disadvantages of not using structured and formal appraisal systems are that appraisals, and the consequent rewards, are often subjective, and may promote greater dissatisfaction. Consequently, appraisal systems and Performance Management play an important role in determining the alignment of HR planning with organisational goals, and ensuring that a proper climate is available for the achievement of the objectives. â€Å"In developing formal performance appraisal systems, small businesses not only are able to ensure that performance management may become strategically aligned with organisational goals, but also increase accountability, decrease under-utilisation of human resources, address concerns of productivity, and decrease employees’ concerns about fairness and accuracy.†[9] In addition, the salaries and rewards that are offered as part of the employment and the management of diversity within the workforce are important considerations for any organisation. These have a greater significance in the case of small organisations. As can be seen from the above, the role of Human Resources management in small organisations is an important one that needs to be well understood and implemented with care. One interesting extension to the role of HR management in small to medium industries is the use of Balanced Score Cards, which are normally viewed as the exclusive tool of large industries. The Balanced Score Cards approach shifts the focus to long-term growth, and includes measures of operational efficiency, customer satisfaction and employee related measures. The Balanced Score Card method thus includes a part of HR Management to assess the overall performance of the organisation. In a case study that included three SME organisations, Gumbus and Lussier present some interesting conclusions that have significance for the HR function in SME companies. The cases also serve to highlight the importance of HR in SME companies and the link between performance and HR. One of the three companies cited in the case is Futura Industries, an international company based in Clearfield, UT with 230 employees. It has over 50 years of experience in aluminium extrusion, finishing, fabrication, machining and design. The company believes that the two competitive weapons that put them ahead of competition are â€Å"their ability to hire and retain the best people and their devotion to the customer.† Futura’s President, Susan Johnson’s belief that committed and loyal employees make the difference has led the company into using the Balanced Score Card method. In the words of Ms. Johnson, the company â€Å"had all the financial metrics, lots of customer measures, and got ISO accredited three years ago †¦ but it is our employees that differentiate us from all other extrusion companies.†[10] A Comparison of SMEs in the UK and Taiwan A study by Lin found that successful SMEs in Taiwan place greater emphasis on soft skills and attitudes rather than on hard skills. He infers that SMEs in Taiwan seemed to have a better grasp of its human resources.   â€Å"Whenever SMEs modernize equipment, alter production processes, revise compensation policies, and engage in other reorganisation activities, they take pains to handle employees’ responses and feelings with special care and invest heavily in skills development.â€Å"[11] According to Hu, the Human resource scenario in Taiwan is characterised by abundance of entrepreneurs and availability of high quality professionals. Hu traces this to the importance laid on education by Chinese, and the large-scale injection of high quality human resource into the island in the aftermath of the retreat into, and subsequent withdrawal from, Taiwan of the KMT government. In addition, the Taiwanese population has inherited from its ancestors the qualities of â€Å"hard working, brotherhood, strong family ties, competition, and similar attributes that form the basis for strong family businesses.†[12] According to McKenna & Beech, the following values characterise the Asian HR scene[13]: Politeness and courtesy Emphasis on personal relationship Not losing face Harmony- avoidance of open conflict Predominance of group interests over individual interests Discipline and respect for authority and for elders Normative, rather than externally imposed control Trust and mutual help in business relationships Centralisation and authoritarianism As against the above, the HR scenario in Europe is characterised by the following features[14]: Pluralism as against unitarism Collectivism and social orientation instead of individualism, with the emphasis being on national, rather than individual, interests Legal framework: firing is more difficult Social Partnership: Employment security, protection of workers’ rights, and representation of workforce through trade unions. Social Responsibility: Concern for environment and other social obligations Tolerance for diversity Recognition of complexity and ambiguity. The characteristics enumerated under Asian values represent the Taiwanese scene, and the scenario in Europe is representative of the UK. From the above, it can be seen that the SMEs in Taiwan are formed with reliance on individual assistance, based on respect for authority, with trust and mutual relationships as the supporting factor. In the UK, and other European countries, it is the legal framework that gives the necessary assurance and support to the business rather than trust. In Taiwan authority is enforced, and followed, because it is natural to the culture. In the UK, the legal aspects are augmented by collective bargaining with a recognized trade union to achieve this purpose. Taiwanese take great care to handle employees’ feelings appropriately whenever major decisions need to be taken. This is replaced by collective bargaining and more formal communication in the UK. SMEs predominate in Taiwan, whereas larger firms represent the more prevalent form of business in the UK. SMEs constituted 99.43 percent of Taiwan’s total manufacturing firms in 1954, the highest level ever recorded; 95.26 percent in 1976, the lowest; and 98.07 percent in 1996. Among them, the smallest firms, employing fewer than 10 persons, accounted for 90 percent of all firms in the manufacturing sector in the 1950s.[15] On the other hand, SMEs generate roughly one quarter of the GDP of the UK. The generation of employment by SMEs varies from sector to sector, the highest being in the construction sector with 84% of the employment being generated by this sector. The SME sector, which was declining up to 1970, picked up momentum thereafter, and showed a rising trend till 1994. Since 1994, the number has remained constant.[16] As can be seen from these figures, the SME sector is less dominant in the UK than in Taiwan. Why Human Resources are important in firms â€Å"The resource-based view of organisations explains variations in firm performance by variations in firms’ human resources and capabilities†[17] Firms can gain competitive advantage by generating specific knowledge and skills that are difficult to imitate. This can be achieved through human capital development. The importance of Human Resource Development in small firms is thus self-evident – they help the firms to succeed by being competitive. In a study of more than 100 small enterprises in two towns from Germany, Rauch et al found that â€Å"human resources are essentially important and an optimal utilization of skills and knowledge increases small business growth.† [18] In order to harness this important resource and ensure it gives the best returns, an organisation needs to select its employees with care. â€Å"It is expected that as firms grow, the skills and abilities required to perform various functions and activities no longer would be available from the familiar and informal recruitment sources preferred by the owner-manager†[19] Apart from recruitment, other functions such as Training and Development, Performance Appraisal, and formal procedures and documentation help the organisation in improving efficiency. According to Kotey and Slade, â€Å"Benefits of formal HRM practices include meeting legal requirements, maintaining records in support of decisions in the event of litigation, treating employees fairly, and increasing efficiency.† [20] A study by Kotey and Slade involving more than 1300 small firms in Australia showed that as firms grow they tend to introduce formal HR practices and procedures. In the words of the authors, â€Å"While the analyses show that a significant percentage of SMEs implement formal HRM practices with growth, HRM remains informal in the majority of firms, particularly in small firms. It could be that implementation of formal HR structures and procedures necessary to support growth differentiates successful from unsuccessful SMEs.†[21] In a small organisation, people need to be more flexible and undertake a greater variety of jobs. This needs both motivation and skills. In turn, many employees may get better exposure and greater opportunities to learn and shoulder higher responsibilities in a small firm. All of these underline the importance of Human Resources Management in organisations, particularly small firms. The HRM model is â€Å"composed of policies that promote mutual goals, influence, respect, rewards and responsibility between employees in the organisation.†[22] These policies are promoted by practices such as team working, aligning performance objectives with organisational goals, and a flat organisation structure, all of which can be achieved only through a proper Human Resources Management in the organisation. Survey Research findings have confirmed the theoretical position with the conclusion that good HR systems is a source of competitive advantage. One study has shown that higher performance in a number of areas is correlated to good HR systems and practices. Companies that had significantly higher ratings on their HR practices also reported better market value, higher accounting profits, higher growth rates, better sales per employee, and lower employee turnover. Another study has found that newly started companies had a better survival rate if they had good HR practices. The probability of survival was found to vary by as much as 42% between the firms with the best HR practices and rewards, and those with the worst. Yet another study found that performance of the organisation was strongly linked with practices such as acquisition and development of skilled people, better job design, better autonomy, and positive employee attitude. All these studies clearly show that good HR could positively impact organisational performance practices, highlighting the importance of Human Resources in an organisation. Apart from improving performance good HR practices result in lower costs, while poor practices increase the costs to the organization. One of the contributing factors for this is the cost of employee turnover. â€Å"Interviewing and training recruits has significant out-of-pocket costs for the employer.† Replacing an employee involves expenses for Separation, Replacement, and Training. [23] Employee turnover costs can be divided into three major elements: Separation costs: These are the costs that are directly incurred when an employee leaves the firm, and include such costs as exit interviews, administrative and paperwork costs, disbursement of separation benefits, and revenues lost due to shortage of staff. Replacement Costs: These represent the cost of replacing the employee who has left and include the costs of advertising, sourcing, interviewing and selection. Training Costs: These are the costs that the company incurs for training and induction of a new employee. Apart from the actual expenditure on these activities, the costs of loss of efficiency in the initial stages, and the time lost during the training period should also be considered. Thus employee turnover could represent a fairly high cost to the organisation. Employee turnover can be classified into avoidable and unavoidable turnover. Most of the avoidable turnover results from lack of proper HR initiatives.[24] How Good/Bad employees affect the firm â€Å"A good employee is possibly the most valuable asset a small firm or SME can possess; a bad one could ruin the enterprise.†[25] Any firm, and more importantly a small firm, can ill afford to have people who do not perform. Robert Townsend, a noted Management expert was once asked the secret behind his ability to take over loss making firms, and changing them into profitable ones. The reply that he gave will be of interest to anyone asking how good or bad employees make or mar the firm. Mr. Townsend identified three factors that contributed to his success: Releasing the potential of employees so that they could perform at much higher levels by the practice of appropriate management styles Identifying people within the organisation who were blocking progress and preventing others from performing, and either changing their ways, or dismissing them Identifying people who had the ability and drive to take the company to greater heights, and promoting them. It can be seen that this highly successful Management practitioner reduced success to three simple rules, namely, eliminating deadwood, promoting and encouraging those with potential and creating the right climate in the company. This clearly shows that apart from creating the right environment, the most important requirement for success is the quality of people. Good people could transform a loss making company into a profitable one.[26] â€Å"Whether a firm is small or large, it’s only as good as its staff.†[27] This can be easily understood because the employees of the organisation make the vital difference between good and poor performance in every area. Apart from the demonstrated effect that this has on the firm’s performance, which has been cited earlier, this also stands to reason. A company depends on coordinated working by its employees towards a common goal to achieve its objectives. In order to meet these objectives, the organisation has to do what it does well. In other words, the competence of its employees should be good if it wants to achieve results. Secondly, the soft skills of the employees are important to achieve internal teamwork as well as to nurture customers with excellent performance and service. Thirdly, the employees of the company need to work efficiently if it is to have a healthy bottom line. All these objectives can be achieved only with good employees who know their job and possess the necessary hard skills, have the necessary soft skills, and are committed to the company’s success. In other words, a company needs good employees who have the right levels of knowledge, skills and attitudes. Conclusion Human Resources Management in Small-to-medium industries has been gaining a lot of attention lately. There is increased awareness among many of the SME entrepreneurs themselves about the importance of good HR practices and policies. It has been shown that organisations having formal Human Resources practices grow faster, and are more profitable, than those that do not do so. A comparison between SMEs in two countries, namely Taiwan and the UK, shows that the SME sector is more predominant in Taiwan, which is characterized by a culture that lays greater emphasis on group working, respect for authority, and mutual trust. This is contrasted by the UK situation where the SME sector is les pervasive, and the HR climate is characterised by formal and legal supports, collectivism, and social responsibility. Although the two situations are quite different from each other, the importance of formal HR systems in the SME segment is being recognised in both cases, and seem to affect performance positively, irrespective of the background. Works Cited A Causal Analysis. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 29(6): 2005: 681+. Bennett, Roger. Small Business Survival: Strategies for Delivering Growth and Staying Profitable: Second Edition. London, Financial Times Management, 1998. Burns, Paul. Entrepreneurship and Small Business. New York, Palgrave, 2001. Griffith, Roger W and Hom, Peter W. Retaining Valued Employees. London, Sage Publications, 2001. Gumbus, Andra, and Robert N. Lussier. Entrepreneurs Use a Balanced Scorecard to Translate Strategy into Performance Measures. Journal of Small Business Management 44(3): 2006: 407+. Heneman, Robert L., Judith W. Tansky, and S. Michael Camp. Human Resource Management Practices in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Unanswered Questions and Future Research Perspectives. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 25 (1): 2000: 11. Holbeche, Linda. Aligning Human Resources and Business Strategy. Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001. HRD in Small Organizations, Edited by Graham Beaver & Jim Stewart. New York, Routledge, 2004. Hu, Ming-Wen. Many Small Antelopes Make a Dragon. Futures 35(4): 2003: 379+. Kotey, Bernice, and Peter Slade. Formal Human Resource Management Practices in Small Growing Firms. Journal of Small Business Management, 43 (1): 2005: 16+. Lin, Carol Yeh-Yun. Success Factors of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Taiwan: An Analysis of Cases. Journal of Small Business Management, 36(4): (1998): 43. McKenna, Eugene and Beech, Nic. Human Resource Management, A Concise Analysis. Essex, Pearson Education Limited, 2002 Megginson, David, Banfield, Paul, and Joy-Mathews, Jennifer. Human Resource Development. Kogan Page India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2001. Rauch, A., Frese, M., & Utsch, A. Effects of Human Capital and Long-Term Human Resources Development and Utilization on Employment Growth of Small-Scale Businesses: Satava, David. The A to Z of Keeping Staff: Few Firm Employees Leave without a Good Reason-Here’s How Not to Give Them One. Journal of Accountancy 195 (4): 2003: 67+. [1] L. Holbeche, Aligning Human Resources and Business Strategy, Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001, pp.10-11. [2] R.L. Heneman, T.W. Judith and S. M. Camp. Human Resource Management Practices in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Unanswered Questions and Future Research Perspectives. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice 25(1): (2000): p. 11 [3] HRD in Small Organizations, Edited by Graham Beaver & Jim Stewart, New York, Routledge, 2004, p. 81. [4] Ibid, p81 [5] Ibid [6] ibid, p82 [7] ibid, p 85 [8] ibid, p 89 [9] ibid, p 89 [10] A. Gumbus and R. N. Lussier. Entrepreneurs Use a Balanced Scorecard to Translate Strategy into Performance Measures, Journal of Small Business Management, 44(3): 2006: p.407. [11]C.Y. Lin. Success Factors of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Taiwan: An Analysis of Cases. Journal of Small Business Management, 36(4): (1998): p. 43. [12] M. Hu. Many Small Antelopes Make a Dragon, Futures, 35(4): 2003: p. 379. [13] E.McKenna and N. Beech. Human Resource Management, A Concise Analysis. Essex, Pearson Education Limited, 2002, pp.4-5. [14] ibid [15] M. Hu. P. 379. [16]   P.Burns. Entrepreneurship and Small Business. New York, Palgrave, 2001, p12. [17] A. Rauch, M. Frese & A. Utsch. Effects of Human Capital and Long-Term Human Resources Development and Utilization on Employment Growth of Small-Scale Businesses: A Causal Analysis. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 29(6): 2005: p681. [18] ibid [19] B.Kotey and P. Slade. Formal Human Resource Management Practices in Small Growing Firms. Journal of Small Business Management, 43(1): (2005): p.16. [20] ibid [21] ibid [22] E. McKenna and N. Beech, p34-35 [23] D. Satava. The A to Z of Keeping Staff: Few Firm Employees Leave without a Good Reason-Here’s How Not to Give Them One, Journal of Accountancy, 195(4 ): 2003: p. 67. [24] R. W. Griffith and P. W. Hom. Retaining Valued Employees, London, Sage Publications, 2001, p10 [25] R. Bennett. Small Business Survival: Strategies for Delivering Growth and Staying Profitable: Second Edition, London, Financial Times Management, 1998. [26] D. Megginson, P. Banfield and J. Joy-Mathews. Human Resource Development. Kogan Page India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2001, p. 82. [27] Satava, David. â€Å"The A to Z of Keeping Staff: Few Firm Employees Leave without a Good Reason-Here’s How Not to Give Them One.† Journal of Accountancy 195.4 (2003): 67+.