The Work Of The Holy Spirit - 1139 Words

In this passage of scripture Paul was preaching to the people of Athens and he recognized that they were very religious in every way but they didn’t know God. The work of the Holy Spirit is just as real today as it was in the book of Acts. My message to you today is no different than Paul’s was to his congregation of believers in the book of Acts. Do you know God? We may proceed with all our traditions and religious practices but if we do not know our Father we are struggling through life on our own strength. Our hearts and minds need to be touched by the Power of God. So many lives are broken, relationships damaged and despair is a guest in so many homes. There are prodigals wandering in the wilderness that God desires to bring home to their rightful place with the Father. Just like the people of Athens we must get to know the God we worship. We need an intimate relationship with our Father through the power of his Holy Spirit dwelling in us and working through us for the extension of God’s Kingdom. The Holy Spirit is like the air we breathe to the Christian Church. We must realize the presence of the Holy Spirit surrounding and enveloping us is just as crucial to our Christian walk as the air we breathe. Just as we cannot survive without air we cannot live empowered Christian lives without the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit deepens our faith, motivates our mission and demonstrates God’s plan for his people to know Jesus as their Lord and Saviour. Breathe on meShow MoreRelatedThe Person And Work Of The Holy Spirit Essay1579 Words   |  7 PagesThe Person and Work of the Holy Spirit When an individual comes to faith in Christ he or she is not left alone to battle the struggles of sin, lead people to Jesus, experience heartache and sorrow, find God’s will, or live a life that is pleasing and honoring to the Lord. No, Christians are given an awesome gift that cannot be purchased or earned. Believers are blessed with the gift of a relationship with the Holy Spirit. Jesus said in John 14:16, â€Å" And I will ask the Father, and he will give youRead MoreThe Work of the Holy Spirit in Regeneration2193 Words   |  9 PagesTHE WORK OF THE HOLY SPIRIT IN REGENERATION INTRODUCTION The words born again have been cheapened today by many in religion. Satan is a master at redefining Bible terms; therefore, it behooves us to have a clear understanding of the Scriptural meaning of these words. Let’s consider what the Bible teaches about being regenerated or born again. I. THE NECESSITY OF THE NEW BIRTH A. OUR LORD CLEARLY REVEALED THAT REGENERATION WAS NECESSARY TO SALVATION (Jn. 3:3, 5). 1. Before a manRead MoreBackground . The Book Of Acts Or The Acts Of The Apostles1523 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Holy Spirit or just the Acts of the Holy Spirit because of the numerous cases it portrays the work of the Holy Spirits. Acts present the work of the Holy Spirit as the life line of the Church. It is important to remember that, in the previous gospel books, Jesus had lived, Jesus had died, and he had risen and ascended to heaven. At the time of his ascension, Jesus promised to send the helper; the Holy Spirit. The disciples of Jesus continued to preach the gospel assisted by the Holy Spirit. ThereforeRead MoreIntimacy with the Holy Spirit1153 Words   |  5 PagesIntimacy With the Holy Spirit Course Paper By Daniel Pogue Overview of the Course The Intimacy with the Holy Spirit course is a core course required by the Master’s of Biblical Studies Program at Central Bible College International, Punta Gorda, FL. The academic studies of this course are designed to acquaint, define, expose, and cause the student to hunger for communion with the Holy Spirit. This course requires five modules of coursework to be accomplished, along with reading the book byRead MoreExecutive Director1448 Words   |  6 PagesWork of the Holy Spirit how it may link to my Personal and Business Life Chuck Johnson BB202 Sir Mark Gibbs Montreat College Work of the Holy Spirit After Jesus completed His ministry here on earth, He ascended into heaven with a promise of sending a Helper. While on earth, Jesus required His followers and disciples to believe in Him and most importantly follow Him. In John 3:13Read MoreIntroduction. The Book Of Acts Is Often Referred To As1719 Words   |  7 Pagesis to demonstrate the importance of the acts of the Holy Spirit in this book. Drumwright points out that in the 68 chapters of the Synoptic Gospels there are only 34 references to the Holy Spirit. Compared to the 28 chapters of Acts there are 56 references to the Holy Spirit. The abundance reveals Luke’s desire to reveal the person, presence and power of the Holy Spirit. This paper outlines how Luke unfolds the personal and powerful Holy Spirit who presses believers to bring the gospel to the worldRead MoreThe Spirit Of The Holy Spirit1257 Words   |  6 PagesMost of my ministry career has been spent trying to house break the Holy Spirit. As a y oung man I saw so many instances of ministers manipulating people to try and drum up the Holy Spirit or the people to receive the Holy Spirit that I thought the Holy Spirit needed our help if He was to move in the lives of people. I had never really seen the work or manifestations of the Holy Spirit outside of a southern Pentecostal setting. Furthermore, as a young man, I was always impressed with the EvangelistRead MoreThe Holy Spirit : Who Is He Like?1139 Words   |  5 Pages1. Write a paragraph on your current view of the Holy Spirit: Who is He? What is He like? (A force, Influence, Energy, Person, etc.) What does He do for you? The Holy Spirit is the connection and voice between mankind and God. The Holy Spirit as a person is seen as having â€Å"intelligence, emotions, and a will.†1 As a human the Holy Spirit has the ability to â€Å"intercede, perform miracles and the conviction of sin.†2 The Holy Spirit for mankind is able to relate to other humans when it comes to emotionsRead MoreChrist And The Holy Spirit. Introduction. This Week We797 Words   |  4 PagesCHRIST AND THE HOLY SPIRIT INTRODUCTION This week we studied Pneumatology, the doctrine of the Holy Spirit. It was an opportunity to learn about this unsung hero of the Trinity who, though ever present with us, we seldom mention or think of and often do not give the respect he merits. In this paper, we will address the relationship between the Holy Spirit and Jesus’ resurrection and ascension and how the Holy Spirit is involved in those events. We will also examine the Holy Spirit’s work of regenerationRead MoreThe Spirit Of The Holy Spirit960 Words   |  4 Pagesand doctrinal teachings that acknowledge the power of the Holy Spirit, however, they do not ascribe his actions and the power to an individual essence but rather to mere influence. I do believe that the Holy Spirit is a person, in-fact the Third Person of the Trinity who is equal with the Father and the Son in essence. When it comes to the individual acts of the Holy Spirit as recorded in scripture, Elmer Town says it best â€Å"the Holy Spiri t does a number of things only a person can do; and it is

Essay on Innovation of weapons during World War I

Within World War I began a new age of warfare. As compared to previous engagements, the adoption of new weapons changed the way in World War I was fought. Not only did the concept of war change in terms of where battles were fought, how much revenue must be spent on the war and how much time a war could span; weapons changed. During the Indian Wars and War for independence, basic weapons were used. World War I began to become mobile. Use of planes, tanks and other technological advances had been implemented. The technological advances brought about were implemented within this war in an attempt to make the war last a shorter and to show prestige. Not only were mobile aerial and ground assets involved in war now, but other technology†¦show more content†¦According to Wolff (1958), the introduction of small arms with rapid-fire capabilities and artillery lead to armies digging miles and miles of trenches with fronted with barbed wire to adapt. Trench warfare changed th e nature in which the war could be fought because this defensive position, that often limited movement, was utilized throughout the French and German borders. Trenches hindered any flanking movement and limited armies from fighting opposing armies how they were used to. Therefore, instead of making any bold flanking movements, soldiers had to utilize trenches to make frontal attacks. During such movements, soldiers were often killed in mass numbers because there was no cover or concealment from the friendly trench to the opposing army’s trench. Often soldiers were victim to machine gun fire or artillery. With this change in warfare, adaptation was necessary. (Wolff, 1958) It was obvious that previous war tactics were now obsolete with the increased use of the machine gun. In order to bypass the dangers of conducting a frontal attack of the enemy against the threat of machine guns, new weapons were created and tested. Colonel Ernest Swinton of the British army laid down critical specifications that had to be part of the end product. This creation was a tracked vehicle that was large and trapezoid shaped. This tracked vehicle’s ability to cross over trenches and other uneven terrain, climb high obstacles, resist small arms fire and permit aShow MoreRelatedWorld War Ii Weapon Advances Essay example1399 Words   |  6 PagesThe Advances of Weaponry During World War II In every war fought throughout the history of mankind, the dependence on weapons was highly sought after. From swords to guns, weaponry has progressed throughout the ages with each war fought. No other war has seen more advances in weaponry than World War II. Many of those advances made this war focused on artillery, land vehicles, naval ships and aircraft. These advances, although beneficial, have also led to more bloodshed on the battlefield becauseRead MoreOn the Evolution of War802 Words   |  4 PagesEvolution of War World War II was the first â€Å"high-tech† war. While there had been new technologies in World War I, they did not have the lasting impact on modern society like World War II innovations. During the Second World War, countries poured all of their resources into developmental and operations research. Scientists invented technologies for practical and immediate purposes instead of conducting experiments to more deeply understand the natural world. The World War II weapons race for advancedRead MoreThe War Of The French Revolution1676 Words   |  7 Pagesthe military history lessons to abstract the aspects of war, which enhance our leadership and capabilities to take the right decision. Therefore, I am going to start with war definition. â€Å"War is an act of force to compel our enemy to do our Will†. During the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth centuries, a series of conflicts dominated Europe. These conflicts had its influence on the Europe at that tim e, but the Napoleonic wars had the most lasting impact on western warfare. The explosionRead MoreInfluences of Civil War Technology 1432 Words   |  6 PagesWar is something that everyone knows about. it is very prominent and chances are throughout the history of the world there is always someone effected by it during any point in time. Wars come and go leaving many good and bad things behind, whichever light it is looked at from, weaponry is always one of those things. War time is notorious for pushing technology to the edge, this including weaponry. There have been several wars that impacted future weaponry but the Civil War is on the farthest awayRead MoreMajor Innovations And Occurred During World War II1000 Words   |  4 PagesWhat particular innovations and occurred during World War II and what geographic considerations were necessary for planners and politicians in terms of strategy and tactics? As World War II progressed, the advancements that had shown up on and in the combat zones, seas and the overall attitude of World War I were enhanced and made considerably more viable and lethal. I will be going over a few of the innovations during World War II as well as a few of the tactics and strategies used when overcomingRead MoreConvergence of Military Revolutions1409 Words   |  6 Pagescharacter of World War I? Submitted by [Name of Researcher] Name of Discipline [Area of Study] Name of Institution Logo of Institution 22 January 2012 Contents I. Introduction 3 II. Plans made in anticipation of the War and Doctrine failed. 3 III. Evolved weapons technologies resulted in prolonged stalemate and enormous losses of personnel and equipment. 5 IV. Both sides tried innovations to break the deadlock. 6 V. Conclusion 6 References 8 I. Introduction World War I was an epicRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution Of The Middle East1071 Words   |  5 Pagescomplicated system of war. From Gangas Khan to America’s involvement in the Middle East, all successful generals, military leaders, and conquerors have found commonality in their zealous emphasis on, and desire for, possessing the most technologically advanced forms of weaponry. Such a desire was not ignored in America nor England during the Industrial Revolution, but, rather, was seen by many as an opportune investment during a time of extraordinarily progressive innovation. With this in mind theRead Moreâ€Å"The Greatest Generation†: A Study of World War II Technology800 Words   |  4 PagesGeneration†: A Study of World War II Technology To some, World War II may seem like a great war that happened a long time ago, a war where however great the innovations during the war were, they are much out of date now, and so they have no impact on today’s world. But to another, who understand the world and how it grows, realize that wherever a nation is, it is in that position because of its history. This means that without all of the improvements of technology during World War II, the world as we know itRead MoreImpact Of The Great War On The World War I1140 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Æ' The Great War The War to end all Wars† 1914 - 1918 The First World War was one of the most remarkable wars in history. Out of one shot from a Serbian rebel came one of the bloodiest conflicts in human history, and one of the most revolutionary. (importance of world war one, 2015) The purpose of this assignment was to find out the role of Australia in the war and its impact upon the nation. In this assignment, key events and actions that lead to the outbreak of war and Australia’s involvementRead MoreHuman Progress in the Twentieth Century Despite Two World Wars953 Words   |  4 Pages The world in the 20th century went through the destruction of World War I and World War II and the hazard of a nuclear war in the course of the Cold War and coped to revolutionize themselves with essential developments within their societies. The world, as a whole, has advanced more than it has suffered during the turbulent 20th century because of the advancements of innovations and human right, despite the demolition of the two World Wars. The 20th century inflicted the greatest suffering to the

Linear Programming to Solve Coal Blending Problem Free Essays

17th International Mining Congress and Exhibition of Turkey- IMCET 2001,  © 2001, ISBN 975-395-417-4 Optimum Blending of Coal by Linear Programming for the Power Plant at Seyitomer Coal Mine K. Erarslan, H. Aykul, H. We will write a custom essay sample on Linear Programming to Solve Coal Blending Problem or any similar topic only for you Order Now Akcakoca N. Cetin Dumlup? nar University, Department of Mining Engineering, 43100, Kutahya, Turkey ABSTRACT: In this study, a linear programming model is developed to determine the optimum coal blend in terms of quality and quantity. Coal with various features is mined from different panels of Seyitomer Lignite Coal District and fed to a nearby power plant. The quality of the coal is extremely variable through the horizontal and vertical directions, which entails the precise planning of coal blending during the mining and stockpiling stages. Otherwise, a large penalty has to be paid to the power plant. In this study, the objective is to match the calorific values required by the power plant. The quality features and production capacities of coal from different panels are determined and are used in quality constraints. The power plant requires coal in two groups, which are of different qualities and quantities. Therefore, two linear programming models complementing each other are developed in order to determine the blending conditions that satisfy the needs of the plant. The models are introduced and solved m the LINDO package program. Reasonable solutions are obtained and optimal amounts of blending are handled. The model also allows the evaluation of coal panels of low quality. 1 INTRODUCTION’ Linear Programming (LP) is one of the most widely used methods of operation research for decision problems. This method is a reasonable and reliable procedure for determining the optimum distribution of resources, optimal production, minimum cost, maximum profit, etc. , which comprise the objectives (Ozturk, 1997). In this method, decision parameters to make the objective optimal are linear or assumed to be linear (Taha, 1992, Hillier and Liebermann, 1995). The general form of the problem is formed by objective function and subjected constraints; (1) (2) where; Z= objective of the model Cj = coefficient of/* decision variable (1=1,2 Xj = / * decision variable N) oefficient of decision variable (i=l,2,.. ,m) b, = limited resource for iJ* constraint LP approximation is widely used in mining as well as in other industrial fields. Open pit limits, production scheduling, material flow in processing plants, blending, equipment selection, method selection, transportation, etc. , are its main applications (Chanda and Wilke, 1992, Dijilani and Dowd, 1994, Huang, 1993, Mann and Wilke, 1992, Meyer, 1 969, Smith and You, 1995). However, investment, planning, or selection, in other words any actions requiring decision, can be optimized. Especially in open pit mines and underground mines feeding coal to power plants, the quality and quantity of coal is crucial because the burner blocks of power plants are designed according to specific features of coal. Inability to match coal quality and quantity to these specific features results in either penalty costs for the coal enterprise or a decrease in the power plant’s efficiency. In addition, inconsistent coal features lead to wear in the power plant’s burning units and all integrated components. In this respect, coal-producing enterprises try to match their coal features to power plants’ specifications by blending and homogenizing coal extracted from different panels and levels. Satisfying the requirements of the plant is achieved by selective 719 = mining and/or blending. In this study, a relevant case is considered. Seyitomer coal enterprise in Kutahya, Turkey has problems of quality and quantity in supplying the nearby power plant. A well-planned and organized blending procedure and, accordingly, production plan is necessary. In this paper, the problem, is modeled in terms of linear programming and reasonable solutions are obtained. 2 SEYITOMER COAL ENTERPRISE AND ITS PROBLEM Seyitomer Lignite Enterprise (SLE) is located 20 km. northwest of Kutahya city center. The basin is characterized as Late Miocene-early Pliocene. The lignite seams in Seyitomer basin consist of two horizontal levels (0-7 ° S), referred to as A and B seams, according to their depths. The seams are separated from each other by waste interbedded formations whose thickness vary from 10 to 50 m. These two seams may exhibit variation according to their occurrence in three sub-regions (Seyitomer, Aslanl? , Ayval? ), where the geological coal formation has been determined by drill holes. The thickness of the A seam, located at the top level of the basin, varies in the range of 5-25 m. {Sofrelec, 1967). The thickness of B seam varies in the range of 2-30 m. In the basin, these two seams are rarely observed together. The seam defined as A Is deposited only in the Seyitomer region and the coal occurrences in the Aslanl? nd Ayval? regions. The B seam consists of 3 different sublevels, referred to, from Uie top to the base of the seam, as B[, B2, Bj Their calorific values decrease towards to the seam base as the interbedded layers get thicker. The upper level coal seams B| and B2, which have a high calorific value and are produced in sorted size and quality (+100 mm), have supplied the market for public heating. The B3 coal, which is of low quality and contains fine coal (-100 mm) f rom the processing plant, is sold to the power plant. At the enterprise, production is performed by the open pit mining method. The overburden, whose thickness varies from 35 to 60 m. , is loosened by drilling and blasting. The stripping method is the excavator and truck and dragline method. The 1 electrical excavators have a 10-yd bucket volume and the dragline has a 70-yd bucket capacity. Production and transportation are also by excavatortruck and loader-truck meu? ods. It is impossible to process the coal with wet washing techniques. For this reason, only crushing, sieving and sorting can be applied to the coals of the region. There are three plants working for the power plant and three plants working for the market in the enterprise. The coal is dispatched to the market or the power plant according to its quality. 720 Recently, in terms of quality and quantity the demands of the plant have not been fulfilled and in order to overcome the problem selective mining has been used. Consequently, there is an increasing tendency to use ripping and bulldozers and loaders (Aykul, 2000). APPLICATION OF LINEAR PROGRAMMING IN SLE 3. 1 Definition of the Problem In Seyitomer Coal Mine, six different coal types produced from different panels and levels are treated. The terms for these coals, their average calorific values and annual quantity to be extracted according to Ideal planning are shown in Table 1. These coals need to be blended in accordance with the specifications required by the power plant’s burning units. Se yitomer power plant has four burning units. The operating conditions of these units are shown in Table 2. The annual coal requirement of the power plant is 6,000,000 tons: the first three burning units (Unit 1, Unit 2 and Unit 3), with the same requirements, need 4,500,000 tons, while the last burning unit (Unit 4) requires 1,500,000 tons. Table 1. Determined features of coal types according to ideal planning in SLE Coal Type Calorific Amount Value (ton/year) (kcal/kg) FineCoal(-lOO) (From Plants) 1675 2,000,000 Stock of Kizik 1750 800,000 Stock of Marl 1428 250,000 B| Level 2000 600,000 B; Level 1800 600,000 B, Level 1600 1,500,000 Table 2. Operating Conditions of Power Plant Power Plant Base Heat Content Grain Size (mm) Units (Kcal/kg) Unit 1 1750 ± 100 0-200 Unit2 1750+100 0-200 Umt3 1750 ± 100 0-200 Unit 4 1600  ± ! 00 0-200 The blending requirements of the coal are as follows: i. Coal coming from the processing plants (fine coal), and that produced from the stock of Kizik, stock of marl, the B3 level, B2 level and B| level can supply Unit 1, Unit 2 and Unit 3. it. Coal produced from the stock of Kizik, stock of marl and B3 level can supply Unit 4. Two different linear models were developed since there are two design specifications in the power plant. Therefore, first, the amount of coal of the B3 level and stock of K? z? k are determined fo. ‘ Unit 4 with the help of the first linear program, and then the rest of the determined amounts are used in the second linear program developed for Unit 1, Unit 2 and Unit 3. After determining these conditions, the main aim is to obtain coal blends that have the maximum heating calorific value in the range of specifications (Kaya, 2000). . 2 Constitution 0/the Model The objective function for Unit 4 maximizing the first blend’s calorific value, which has a maximum limitation by the constraints, is shown in Equation 1 : (3) Subjected to Equations 4 to 11: (4) (5) The restrictions are shown in Equations 13 to 21. 4,500,000 (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) Here, X2 : Amount of coal from stock of K? z? k, t. Xj : Amount of coal from stock of m arl, t. Xe : Amount of coal from B3 level, t. The objective function for Unit 1, Unit 2 and Unit 3 maximizing the second blend’s calorific value restricted by a subjected constraint is shown in Equation 12. (12) Amount of fine coal from processing plants, t. Amount of coal from stock of K? z? k, t. Amount of coal from B| level, t. Amount of coal from B2 level, t. Amount of coal from B3 level, t. 3. 3 Solutions of Models The LINDO package program is used to solve the models. The optimum quality and quantity results of the final tables for Unit 4 are shown In Table 3 (Kaya, 2000). Table 3 Final results of model for Urul 4 Coal Types Coal Amount Heal Content (ton/year) (kcal/kg) Stock of K? ? k 500. 000* 1750 (X2) Stock of marl (X,) 250,000* 1428 750. 000* 1600 B, Level (X,) 1,500. 000 Blend of Coals 1620 5* h *Optimam values ai 7†² iteration As it may be seen in Table 3, the blend quality of the coal is found to be 1620 kcal/kg. This value is within the range of the specific design values of Unit 4. The final tables fo r Unit 1, Unit 2 and Unit 3 are shown in Table 4. 721 Table 4. Final results of model for Unit 4 Coal Amount Heat Content Coal Types (ton/year) (kcal/kg) 2,000,000* 1675 Fine coal (Xi) Stock of K? z? k 300,000* 1750 How to cite Linear Programming to Solve Coal Blending Problem, Papers

Report on Indian Economy and GDP Growth

Question: Discuss about the Report on Indian Economy and GDP Growth. Answer: Introduction According to the International Monetary fund (2015), India is among the fastest growing major economies globally. Notably, this stable growth is expected to continue steadily this year to more than 7 percent despite the uncertainties of the global market. In terms of GDP, the country is ranked as the sixth largest economy in the world. Additionally, it is ranked as one of the largest economies with regards to measurement of purchasing power parity. Remarkably, the countrys growth on average is approximated at 7 percent over the last 20 years (Central Intelligence Agency 2016). For this reason, the long term prospects of the Indian economy is positive, and the economy is expected to continue improving over time. Current Economic Situation By and large, India has a diverse economy that comprises of modern agriculture, traditional farming, handicrafts, a diverse service industry and various modern industries. It is worth noting that although the country participates extensively in agriculture, the service industry dominates the economic activities in the country. Particularly, the nation service sector is constantly growing. At the moment, the agriculture sector makes up 16.5 percent of the GDP, industries 29.8 percent, and the remaining 45.4 percent is occupied by the service sector (Central Intelligence Agency 2016). India is moving towards an open economy market. Initially, the economy was predominantly characterized by autarkic policies. For this reason, foreign investors perception of the countrys prospects has improved over time, resulting in an increase in investments in the country. According to forecasts, the outlook for the countrys long term growth is moderately positive. Specifically, this can be attributed to the vibrant young population and corresponding low dependency ratio within the economy. What is more, the country is increasingly opening up its markets and integrating with the global economy. In turn, this increases the countrys prospects for trade and economic growth. Besides, the citizens have adopted healthy savings and investment habits, thereby increasing the level of aggregate economic activity within the country. Over the years, the nations GDP with regards to purchasing power parity (PPP) has been increasing steadily since 2014. Particularly, the level of PPP increased from $7.534 trillion in 2014 to approximately $8.103 trillion in 2015. Last year, the figure increased further to about $8.721 trillion (BBC 2016). In comparison to the world, the country has the fourth largest GDP with consideration of the PPP. It is also worth noting that the nations official exchange rate in 2015 was estimated as $2.25 trillion (India 2017). In this regard, the economy is constantly improving and increasing its performance. Furthermore, India has been experiencing a significant rise in the level of real growth rate. As such, the GDP real growth rate increased by 0.4 percent between 2014 and 2015. Since then, the level of growth has stabilized at 7.6 percent. With regards to the GDP per capita, the economy has been performing sufficiently well. Just like PPP and real growth, the countrys GDP per capita has also been rising significantly in the last three years. Markedly, the per capita GDP rose from $5900 in 2014 to approximately $6300 in 2015. In 2016, the value further increased to $6700. In terms of this measure, India is ranked at position 159 globally (India 2017). The level of unemployment has been relatively constant at 8.4 percent since 2015. For this reason, almost 29.8 percent of the Indian population lives below the poverty line. As at 2015, the nations public debt was about 52.3 percent of the economys GDP (India 2017). Last year, the consumer price inflation was approximated at 5.6 percent. Conspicuously, this was an increase from 4.9 percent in the previous year. Regardless, the level of exports increased $272.4 to $271.6 billion between 2015 and 2016. In contrast, the amount of imports decreased between the 2 years by approximately 6.8 billion. For this reason, the net exports in the country increased, thereby boosting the level of GDP (IMF 2016). Major Macroeconomic Problems Inflation has become a major macroeconomic problem for the Indian economy. Typically, the high levels of inflation in the country arises because the economy falls short of its stability growth. Normally, inflation arises when there is too much aggregate demand in the economy which creates pressure on prices to rise (Indian Economy 2016). Today, the Indian economy is characterized by rising wages, food prices inflation and increasing property prices. Notably, the high inflation rates have been a constant problem in the country despite the periods of economic slowdown. The level of inflation increased between 2014 and 2015, from 4.9 percent to 5.6 percent. It is worth noting that the level of inflation has been notoriously high for a long period of time. In 2013, for instance, the level of inflation reached 11 percent, despite a 4.8 percent decline in economic growth (Indian Economy 2016). By and large, this occurrence ascertained that the high levels of inflation in the country cannot be exclusively attributed to excess demand but also to cost push factors within the economy. Particularly, the supply constraints in agriculture brought about increases in food prices, which in turn led to inflation. Unfortunately, this type of inflation is difficult to control and mitigate within the country. Regardless, the government is making an effort to reduce the levels of inflation in the country. Budget Deficit It is imperative to note that India has a significantly high budget deficit. Mainly, this is because the past years have seen the level of exports declining while imports increase. As such, India is a net importer of services and goods. In 2016, for instance, the total amount of imports was approximately worth $401.4 billion while the exports were worth $271.6 billion only (India 2017). Likewise, the level of imports exceeded the exports in 2015. In that year, the value of total exports exceeded the value of imports by approximately $136.8 billion. In 2015, the countrys current account deficit was around 5.4 percent of the countrys GDP (Asia Development Bank 2016). Last year, the economy had a budget deficit of around $83 billion. Specifically, the reported revues for the year were estimated as $200.1 billion whereas the total expenditures were approximated as $283.1 billion (OECD 2016). What is more, the country is constantly banking on foreign capital flows to maintain the pace given the increase in demand for the US dollar. The government was forced to postpone the implementation of GAAR in a bid to continue with the foreign portfolio inflows. Recommendations for the Macroeconomic Problems In order to achieve stability in the economy and to attain a balance in the current account, the government must assume an active role and implement strategies that will mitigate and control these macroeconomic problems. Controlling Inflation The inflation in India is largely driven by consumption and high aggregate demand. For this reason, the central bank has tried using high-interest rate regimes. However, this action has proven to be fruitless over time. Mainly, this is because the government maintains huge subsidies which encourage consumption in the country, leading to high aggregate demand. Therefore, instead of the high-interest rates, the government should implement other policies that will work effectively towards reducing the level of aggregate demand in the economy. The government can use contractionary fiscal policies to reduce the flow of income into the Indian economy. First, the government can lower its level of spending to reduce the level of economic activity in the country. It may also introduce high levels of direct taxes to reduce the amount of disposable income among consumers in the country (Controlling Inflation, 2010). In turn, this will lead to a reduction in the level of aggregate demand, thereby resulting in a fall in demand pull inflation by slowing economic growth. The government, through the central bank, can implement strict contractionary monetary policies to reduce the level of inflation in India. Instead of offering huge subsidies that offset the effects of high-interest charges in the country, it should shrink them. This way, households, and firms will feel the effects of high-interest charges in the country. Typically, an increase in interest rates will discourage individuals and firms from borrowing, thereby reducing the amount of money supply in the economy. Consequently, this brings about a decline in aggregate demand, thereby reducing inflation. Reducing Budget Deficits In order to reduce its budget deficits, the Indian government must resolve to cut down on the levels of its expenditure. As such, a reduction in the level of government spending will result in lesser strains on the countrys revenues to pay for the expenditures. In other instances, the government may opt to increase the tax rates in the country (Labonte, 2012). Primarily, high tax rates translate to higher government revenue, which in turn results in a decline in the budget deficit (Pettinger, 2016). Additionally, the government may try to stimulate the level of economic growth in the country. Consequently, if the economy grows, the government will be able to raise more revenues to offset any deficit balances in the economy. Reference List Asia Development Bank (2016) India: Economy. [Online] Asia Development Bank. Available from: https://www.adb.org/countries/india/economy [Accessed 19/01/17]. BBC, (2016) India: Country Profile. [Online] BBC. Available from: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-12557384 [Accessed 19/01/17]. Central Intelligence Agency (2017) the world fact book-India. [Online] Central Intelligence Agency. Available from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html [Accessed 19/01/17]. Congressional Budget Office (2011) Reducing the Deficit: Spending and Revenue Options. [Online] Congressional Budget Office. Available from: https://www.cbo.gov/publication/22043 [Accessed 19/01/17]. Economy Watch (2010) Controlling Inflation. 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